A 6-week training program increased muscle antioxidant system in elderly diabetic fatty rats

Abstract

SummaryBackgroundIt is widely accepted that oxidative stress is associated with the physiopathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In fact, it has been pointed out as a therapeutic target in T2DM. Fortunately, several papers have reported that long-term training programs improved the antioxidant system in young and adult diabetic rats. Accordingly, this study was designed to assess the influence of a shorter training program in elderly diabetic fatty rats.Material/MethodsStudy subjects were 24 male homozygous Zucker diabetic fatty rats (Gmi, fa/fa) aged 18 weeks with an average weight of 370–450 g. After a 2-week period of environmental adaptation, animals were randomly distributed into the Exercised Group (n=12) that performed a 6-week swimming training protocol and the Sedentary Group (n=12). Animals were sacrificed under anesthesia 24 h after the last exercise session. Serum metabolic profile was determined. Total antioxidant status (TAS), MnSOD expression, glutathione status and ROS generation were assayed in gastrocnemius muscle.ResultsWhen compared with controls, exercised rats significantly improved their metabolic profile. Total antioxidant status (0.19±0.002 vs. 0.13±0.002 μg/mg protein; p<0.001) and MnSOD expression (8471±90 vs. 6258±102 U/μg protein; p=0.003) were also increased in exercised rats.ConclusionsA 6-week swimming training program improved the antioxidant system in elderly fatty diabetic rats. Fortunately, this improvement was enough to reduce oxidative damage, expressed as protein oxidation. A major finding of this study was that our training protocol lasted just 6 weeks, in contrast to longer protocols previously published.

Effects of different aerobic exercise frequencies on streptozotocin–nicotinamide‐induced type 2 diabetic rats: Continuous versus short bouts and weekend warrior exercises

“…On Day 1, rats exercised in a Morris water tank (150 cm × 60 cm × 45 cm; water temperature 32 ± 1°C) for 10 min. The acclimation period was extended by 10 min every day (except for the DsbE group) until the rats could swim for 30 or 40 min . The duration of the training phase was 6 weeks (total 150 min/week; Fig.…”

Basic Studies on the Oxidative Stress Markers in Two Types of Horse Breed: Semi-isolated Population of Huculs Is Different from Commercially Used Arabian Horses

“…The superoxide dismutase family (SODs) is the first line of defence against reactive oxygen species (ROS) [28]. It is known, that changes in SOD activity protect a host against microorganisms [29,30], bacteria [31,32], and parasites [31] and those changes depend on physical activity, diet, and chemical factors [33,34]. A lower level of total SOD activity in Arabian horses may result from the depletion of the antioxidant defence system due to long exposure to oxidative stress caused by vaccination, handling, and commercial usage.…”

Paracetamol‐induced metabolic and cardiovascular changes are prevented by exercise training

“…Exercise training can improve cardiovascular performance, leading to increased cardiac pumping efficacy and vascular relaxation 16,17 . Studies have shown that in situations of increased oxidative stress, such as hypertension or diabetes, exercise training reduces the damage caused by oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system 16,18 . However, to date, contradictory views exist concerning the role of physical exercise on redox metabolism.…”

“…16,17 Studies have shown that in situations of increased oxidative stress, such as hypertension or diabetes, exercise training reduces the damage caused by oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system. 16,18 However, to date, contradictory views exist concerning the role of physical exercise on redox metabolism. Published data suggest that acute training, exhaust training and over-training should be prooxidant 19,20 whereas moderate and chronic exercise should be antioxidant, increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and combating free radical formation of oxidative metabolism.…”

“…Published data suggest that acute training, exhaust training and over-training should be prooxidant 19,20 whereas moderate and chronic exercise should be antioxidant, increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and combating free radical formation of oxidative metabolism. 18,21,22 Since oxidative stress may play a key role in PAR-induced toxicity, we hypothesized that moderate and chronic exercise training could reduce oxidative stress and improve vascular function impaired by PAR treatment.…”