A 5000 year record of carbon sequestration from a coastal lagoon and wetland complex, Southern California, USA

Brevik, Eric C.; Homburg, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2003.12.001

Cited by 94 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…(Duarte and Cebrián, 1996;Jennerjahn and Ittekkot, 2002;Chmura et al, 2003). Further, analyses of the carbon budgets of marine vegetated benthic communities suggest that they export significant amounts of organic carbon to adjacent ecosystems and also store vast amounts of organic carbon in the sediments (Duarte and Cebrián, 1996;Jennerjahn and Ittekkot, 2002;Chmura et al, 2003;Brevik and Homburg, 2004). Moreover, their high burial rates can be sustained over millennia (Mateo et al, 1997;Brevik and Homburg, 2004).…”

Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, analyses of the carbon budgets of marine vegetated benthic communities suggest that they export significant amounts of organic carbon to adjacent ecosystems and also store vast amounts of organic carbon in the sediments (Duarte and Cebrián, 1996;Jennerjahn and Ittekkot, 2002;Chmura et al, 2003;Brevik and Homburg, 2004). Moreover, their high burial rates can be sustained over millennia (Mateo et al, 1997;Brevik and Homburg, 2004). Marine vegetation turns over very slowly (Smith, 1981), as it is often dominated by long-lived organisms such as mangroves (decades, Tomlinson, 1994) and seagrasses (years to decades, Hemminga and Duarte, 2000), so that despite contributing only 10% of the primary production of the ocean (Smith, 1981;Duarte and Cebrián, 1996), marine vegetation holds a significant fraction of the autotrophic biomass therein (Smith, 1981).…”

Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mangrove and seagrass habitats are, however, experiencing widespread destruction due to multiple causes, involving logging, land reclamation and deforestation for mangroves (Valiela et al, 2001;Alongi, 2002), eutrophication, siltation and coastline alteration for seagrasses (cf. Duarte, 2002;Short and Green, 2003;Duarte et al, 2005b) and coastal erosion, filling, dyking, and conversion to aquaculture ponds for salt marshes (Adam, 2002;Brevik and Homburg, 2004). The rates of habitat destruction for these communities are mounting, with about 35% to 50% of the world mangrove area destroyed, mostly since World War II (Valiela et al, 2001;Alongi, 2002), and an estimated loss of 18% of the documented seagrass area over the last two decades (Green and Short, 2003), which is likely to be an underestimate due to poor coverage for some areas.…”

Section: Destruction Of Marine Vegetated Habitats and Oceanic Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This estimate represents an underestimate, as it does not consider losses of salt-marshes (e.g. Adam, 2002;Brevik and Homburg, 2004), for which no global estimate is currently available. The topdown rationale provided above suggests that this loss would correspond to the difference in carbon content of the sediment being buried (Berner, 1982).…”

Section: Destruction Of Marine Vegetated Habitats and Oceanic Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neglect of marine vegetation is possibly a consequence of the limited extent of marine vegetation, which cover only <2% of the ocean surface (Duarte and Cebrián, 1996). Moreover, the area covered by marine vegetation is rapidly declining, as the area covered by seagrass meadows, mangrove forests and salt marshes has declined significantly over the past decades (Valiela et al, 2001;Duarte, 2002;Alongi, 2002;Green and Short, 2003;Brevik and Homburg, 2004;Duarte et al, 2005b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle

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Abstract. The carbon burial in vegetated sediments, ignored in past assessments of carbon burial in the ocean, was evaluated using a bottom-up approach derived from upscaling a compilation of published individual estimates of carbon burial in vegetated habitats (seagrass meadows, salt marshes and mangrove forests) to the global level and a top-down approach derived from considerations of global sediment balance and a compilation of the organic carbon content of vegeatated sediments.

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Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Destruction Of Marine Vegetated Habitats and Oceanic Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Destruction Of Marine Vegetated Habitats and Oceanic Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle

2005

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Controlling Factors of Long‐Term Carbon Sequestration in the Coastal Wetland Sediments of the Modern Yellow River Delta Area, China

He¹,

Ye²

2021

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Ecosystem functions of plant diversity: Comparisons from a large‐scale marsh restoration experiment in California, USA

Shikuzawa,

Watson,

Tanner

et al. 2024

Ecosphere

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Although the promotion of biodiversity has been recognized as an important conservation goal, salt marsh restoration typically focuses on reestablishing dominant foundation species. Salt marsh restoration projects that add or remove sediment to optimize marsh elevation often result in a bare landscape following construction. Restoration managers must decide whether to plant and, if so, which species. This decision can be difficult because few studies have examined the ecological functions of individual species, especially those that are less abundant. Within a major salt marsh restoration project in Elkhorn Slough, California, where 17,000 plants of five high marsh species were planted, we investigated how rarer species and the naturally recruiting dominant (Salicornia pacifica) differ in ecosystem function. We evaluated 31 different metrics related to blue carbon, plant productivity, environmental effects, and community interactions. No single species had the greatest ecological function across this suite of metrics, and measured effects were mainly independent, with only 16 of 435 pairwise comparisons revealing a strong correlation. We found significant differences among species for 18 metrics, revealing key contrasts in ecosystem function, with significant effects of marsh elevation and interaction between effects of species and elevation on some of these functions. S. pacifica scored highest for metrics such as recruitment and canopy height but other species outperformed Salicornia in other metrics. Frankenia salina had the greatest ecological function in the highest number of metrics, including cover and belowground biomass carbon content, but other species had higher rates of photosynthesis and harbored fewer individuals of invasive arthropods. We recommend planting a suite of less common species at restoration sites to provide more diverse functions across the landscape. F. salina in particular is recommended for its tolerance of hypersalinity and low moisture conditions. Our demonstration of the value of complementing restoration of the dominant foundation species with restoration of less common species is applicable to restoration of other ecosystems beyond salt marshes. The approach we implemented, evaluating a large suite of functions for multiple species across a restored landscape, can serve as a model for investigations of the importance of biodiversity for enhancing multifunctionality in other restored ecosystems.

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A 5000 year record of carbon sequestration from a coastal lagoon and wetland complex, Southern California, USA

Cited by 94 publications

References 16 publications

Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle

Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle

Controlling Factors of Long‐Term Carbon Sequestration in the Coastal Wetland Sediments of the Modern Yellow River Delta Area, China

Ecosystem functions of plant diversity: Comparisons from a large‐scale marsh restoration experiment in California, USA

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