A 5-year surveillance of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in a university teaching hospital in Monterrey, Mexico

Camacho-Ortíz, Adrián; Díaz-Rodríguez, Xiomara; Rodríguez-López, Juan; Martínez-Palomares, Mayra; Rosa, Arely Palomares-De la; Garza‐González, Elvira

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2013.01.008

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The high frequency of injuries during the first working hours of a shift coincides with the time when blood samples are usually collected, i.e., the time of the highest risk of exposure. An observed highest frequency of injuries during the first working hours and in the morning when risky activities are most frequent was also reported by Polish [ 31 ] and Mexican [ 30 ] study groups, suggesting a global phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Causing nearly a half of the injuries, injection needles were the most frequent instrument of injury penetrating the skin of the employees from Rostock. A retrospective analysis at the University Hospital of Monterrey, Mexico, showed similar results during an assessment period from 2006 to 2011 with 59.1% of injuries due to injection needles, 10.7% due to hypodermic needles, and 8.8% due to lancets [ 30 ]. In a Chinese study, as many as 75% of needle stick injuries to nursing trainees were due to injection needles [ 10 ], and similar results were shown for Polish nurses in a study from 2005 [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Frickmann

Schmeja

Reisinger³

et al. 2016

EuJMI

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This study assessed protective effects of a continuous introduction of safe instruments in terms of reduction of needle stick injuries. The retrospective study analyzed correlations between the increasing proportion of safe instruments and a reduction of the incidence of needle stick injuries linked to such instruments in a German university hospital over 5 years. Incidents declined about 17.6% from 80.3 incidents per 1000 employees to 66.2, associated with an increase in the proportions of injuries due to instruments without protective mechanisms such as scalpels or hypodermic needles by 12.2%. For injuries due to venipuncture cannulae in various surgical and internal medicine departments, there was a negative association between the proportion of safe instruments and the incidence of injuries. For injection needles, portacath needles, and lancets in selected internal medicine departments, the number of injuries also dropped during this study interval. However, there was no clear-cut association with the percentage of safe instruments. This observational study suggests a correlation between the implementation of use of safe instruments and the reduction of needle stick injuries in a case of a graduated implementation. However, the effects are much less pronounced than in previous interventional studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Frickmann

Schmeja

Reisinger³

et al. 2016

EuJMI

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“…In the same study, 87.7% of exposures were percutaneous injuries and 12.3% mucocutaneous exposures. 8 In our study, medical students reported a similar number of NSIs (n=110) and mucocutaneous exposures (n=106), suggesting that mucocutaneous exposures are more likely to go unreported, a finding similar to that in a study by Kessler and colleagues in the United States where 82.9% of the mucocutaneous exposures were not reported. 3 We believe that the perception of a lower risk of acquiring a disease by mucocutaneous exposure than by NSIs is associated with lower reporting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Exposure and Knowledge of Sharps Injuries among Medical Students in Seven States of Mexico

Camacho-Ortíz¹,

Díaz-Rodríguez

Hernández-García

et al. 2015

Int J Med Students

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Background: Medical students are vulnerable to accidental exposure to blood-borne pathogens when performing clinical activities. Knowledge of both the prevalence of exposure and necessary reporting procedures is important to minimize the risk of harm to medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of medical students from 19 universities from seven states in Mexico was utilized to determinethe prevalence of needle stick injuries amongst medical students and the associated reporting procedures. Results: We included 312 respondents; of these, 52.24% were men and 47.76% were women, and the mean age was 23.19 years (SD ± 2.11 years). Nearly all of them (94.23%) were medical students doing clerkships in public hospitals. Mean knowledge score of blood-borne pathogens was 3.6 (SD ± 1.16) on a scale of 0-10 designed specifically for this study. Thirty-five per cent of the respondents had sustained a needle stick injury at some point during their medical school training, and 33.97% reported some type of mucocutaneous exposure. Overall, the non-reporting rate of needle stick injury was 48.34%. Approximately 25% of the respondents were not familiar with reporting procedures in the event of a needle stick injury or mucocutaneous exposure; 61.50% had received information from their hospital about the standard protocol to follow after a blood or body fluid exposure. Conclusion: In this Mexican population of medical students, there is a high risk of suffering needle stick injuries during medical training. Furthermore, knowledge regarding prevention, evaluation, and reporting of needle stick injuries is suboptimal.

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“…A study conducted by [50] in Karachi among health care workers reported high prevalence of hepatitis B infection, among 20% sweepers of a medical center due to unsafe disposal of hospital waste. Similar results have been reported in various studies, highlighting the importance of PPE for waste handlers, while dealing with potentially dangerous waste particularly sharps, blood and blood contaminated uids [51][52][53]. Also no maintained record of vaccination for protection against from hepatitis A & B and Tetanus were found for HWM team.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Current Practices of Waste Management in Teaching Hospitals and Presence of Incinerators in Densely Populated Areas 

Khalid

Haq

Sabiha

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Hospital waste management (HWM) practices are the core need to run a proper health care facility. This study encompasses the HWM practices in teaching hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan and examine the enforcement of Pak HWM (2005) rules and risks through transmission of pathogens via blood fluids, air pollution during waste incineration and injuries occurring in conjunction with open burning and dumping. Methods: A questionnaire based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations was used to survey the selected private and public teaching hospital (n=16). Site visits and personnel observations were also included in the data. It was spatio-statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, Krushkal-wallis & Fisher’s exact tests and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. Results: The findings revealed that the lack of HWM practices in all surveyed hospitals (p>0.05), besides statistical difference (p<0.017) in waste generation/day. No proper segregation of waste from generation point to final disposal was practiced. However, the performance of private teaching hospitals (50%) was found better in terms of HWM personnel and practices. In surveyed hospitals, only nine hospitals (56.3%) were found with the incinerator facility while rest of the hospitals (43.7%) practiced open dumping. Moreover, operational parameters of the incinerators were not found satisfactory and located in densely populated areas and emitting hazardous gases. Conclusion: Proper HWM practices are not being followed in the light of WHO guidelines. Hospital waste impose serious menace to healthcare workers and to nearby population. WHO issued documents for improving HWM practices but triggered no change in Pakistan. To improve the situation, insights in this context is need for enforcement of rules.

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A 5-year surveillance of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in a university teaching hospital in Monterrey, Mexico

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Exposure and Knowledge of Sharps Injuries among Medical Students in Seven States of Mexico

Current Practices of Waste Management in Teaching Hospitals and Presence of Incinerators in Densely Populated Areas

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A 5-year surveillance of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in a university teaching hospital in Monterrey, Mexico

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Risk reduction of needle stick injuries due to continuous shift from unsafe to safe instruments at a German University Hospital

Exposure and Knowledge of Sharps Injuries among Medical Students in Seven States of Mexico

Current Practices of Waste Management in Teaching Hospitals and Presence of Incinerators in Densely Populated Areas&nbsp;

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Current Practices of Waste Management in Teaching Hospitals and Presence of Incinerators in Densely Populated Areas