A 5.8 GHz fully integrated BiCMOS SiGe:C injection-locked-oscillator-based active phase shifter for energy beamforming

Kanoun, Mariem; Jadav, Bhanu Pratap Singh; Cordeau, David; Paillot, Jean‐Marie; Mnif, Hassène; Loulou, Mourad

doi:10.1007/s10470-020-01586-0

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For the phase shift among the oscillators, we assume a low injection level (which corresponds to the dynamics equation of CAOs architecture). Following the step developed in [12], the injected current can be written as (10) when oscillator 1 has been disconnected from oscillator 2.…”

Section: Frequency Domain Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of high-power coupled nonlinear oscillator arrays for electronic beam steering technique: case of the triode based van der Pol oscillator

Tsefack,

Tegnitsap,

Fotsin

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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This paper presents the dynamics of coupled nonlinear oscillator arrays (CNOAs) as phase shifter for electronic beam steering technique. The proposed phase shifter uses oscillators of van der Pol type with a fifth-order nonlinear resistance and is built on the two architectures based injection-locked oscillator array (ILOAs) and coupled oscillator arrays (COAs). The dynamics equations of the phase shifter are proposed in the frequency and time domain. With the help of mathematical tools such as bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponent and Hilbert transform, important cartography of different oscillating states is deduced over large range of system parameters. Different behavior of the CNOAs including chaos, 2D-torus, multistability, locked and unlocked states are depicted. The phase shift between output voltages of each pair of coupled oscillators is presented for both architectures. A detailed analysis of locked states shows that the required phase shift is synthesized by slightly varying the frequency of the injected signal, or simply by detuning the free-running frequencies of the edge oscillators in equal but opposite directions. The proposed circuit of the phased shifter is built using the original van der Pol oscillator based on a vacuum triode. The maximal phase shift reaches 63° and 75° respectively for ILOAs and COAs. With the presence of triode in the circuit, the output voltage of each oscillating element in the array reaches 100 V around 60 KHz and is boosted by increasing the value of the triode bias potential to more than 420 V. This, therefore, increases the total power dissipation of a single oscillator in the array to more than 47 dB (50.12 W). This circuit is a candidate for high-power electronics beam steering at ultrasonic frequency.

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Section: Frequency Domain Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of high-power coupled nonlinear oscillator arrays for electronic beam steering technique: case of the triode based van der Pol oscillator

Tsefack,

Tegnitsap,

Fotsin

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A new theoretical model of the injection phenomenon based on the theory developed in [20] and [21] is presented in [5]. For this purpose, let us consider a Van der Pol oscillator, used to model an LC oscillator, under a current injection 𝐼 𝑖𝑛𝑗 , as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Injection-locked Vcomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beamforming of a phased array is achieved by applying phase-shifted RF signals to each element of the array to steer the beam in the desired direction while providing zeros in the directions of the interfering signals. [5]. Thus, RF phase shifters are in high demand because they are widely used in applications such as phased antenna arrays, smart antennas, and MIMO systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between the oscillators' outputs and the injected signal, a phase difference is created. Unfortunately, the obtained phase shift versus the difference between the frequency of the injection signal and the free-running frequency is non-linear and constitute a significant disadvantage of an injection-locked oscillator [5]. Thankfully, the phase shift is roughly linear in the range ±45°.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, in order to address and suggest some possible solutions to the challenges associated with active phase shifters that includes linearity, phase error, complexity and resolution, some existing active phase shifters for beamforming of an antenna array are reviewed. To obtain a phase shift that is linear over a range of ± 45° and that can cover the entire 360° phase plane, an original architecture based on an injection-locked oscillator associated to an IQ modulator is proposed by [5]. This phase shifter covers a 360° phase plane by steps of 90° for each combination of the digital command I and Q but at the expense of a highe power consumption .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis and design of an innovative 19.5 GHz active phase shifter architecture, implemented in a 0.13 μm BiCMOS SiGe:C process, for beamforming in 5G applications

Muhammad,

Cordeau,

Paillot

2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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This paper presents the design and implementation of a 19.5 GHz active phase shifter for beamforming. The proposed circuit is based on an original architecture using an injection-locked voltage-controlled oscillator (ILVCO) associated with a polyphase filter followed by a phase selection circuit and its sign. From a 1.3 V supply voltage, the proposed circuit was designed to obtain a phase shift range of 360°. This phase shifter is synthesized using the phase selection circuit (PS) for coarse adjustment in the steps of 90° and the injection-locked VCO for a fine-tuning adjustment between ±45°. The circuit consumed a total current of 20.47 mA with a chip size of 1.51 mm2 including the pads and it is integrated in a BiCMOS SiGe:C 0.13 µm process.

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Analysis and design of an innovative 19.5 GHz active phase shifter architecture, implemented in a 0.13 μm BiCMOS SiGe:C process, for beamforming in 5G applications

Muhammad,

Cordeau,

Paillot

2023

2023 IEEE International Conference on Design, Test and Technology of Integrated Systems (DTTIS)

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A 5.8 GHz fully integrated BiCMOS SiGe:C injection-locked-oscillator-based active phase shifter for energy beamforming

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Dynamics of high-power coupled nonlinear oscillator arrays for electronic beam steering technique: case of the triode based van der Pol oscillator

Dynamics of high-power coupled nonlinear oscillator arrays for electronic beam steering technique: case of the triode based van der Pol oscillator

Analysis and design of an innovative 19.5 GHz active phase shifter architecture, implemented in a 0.13 μm BiCMOS SiGe:C process, for beamforming in 5G applications

Analysis and design of an innovative 19.5 GHz active phase shifter architecture, implemented in a 0.13 μm BiCMOS SiGe:C process, for beamforming in 5G applications

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