A 40 Gb/s eye monitor and its application to adaptive PMD compensation

Buchali, Fred; Baumert, W.; Bülow, H.; Poirrier, J.

doi:10.1109/ofc.2002.1036306

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…On one hand, this is demonstrated by the measurements drawn in Fig. 7 where for a given PMD generated by a statistical emulator more than 1% (10 −2 relative occurrence) of PMD draws induce a penalty in excess of 5 dB, which is reduced to 2 dB by a one-stage compensator and further reduced to 1 dB by a two-stage setup [20]. Extrapolation of these experimental results to system relevant low outage probability (10 −5 ) predicts a maximum tolerable PMD (PMD limit) of about 40% of the bit period for the two-stage structure.…”

Section: Improved Concepts For Optical Pmd Compensatorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…6. The birefringence of each of the polarization maintaining fibers amounts to about 40 % of the bit period [20]. Detailed numerical and experimental analysis of this two-stage structure at 40 Gbit/s shows that a further improvement compared to a one-stage structure can be achieved [22].…”

Section: Improved Concepts For Optical Pmd Compensatorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…An improvement of the simple PMD compensator was already demonstrated experimentally by applying eye monitor feedback after DOP pre-setting [20]. The eye opening is a commonly used feedback parameter.…”

Section: Feedback Signals For Optical Pmd Compensatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PMD compensation techniques

Bülow

Lanne²

2004

J Optic Comm Rep

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Mitigating PMD is still a challenge in today's optical communications. After giving the key performance indicators dictated by the statistical nature of PMD, we introduce the classification of PMD compensation schemes into 2 categories: optical and electrical PMD compensators. In a first part, we explain the operation principle of a PMD compensator by taking a detailed look at the basic optical PMD compensator and appropriate feedback signals. More complex multistage structures and a feed-forward adaptation approach are also discussed. This first part is closed by results from a oneyear field trial confirming the behavior and performance of a prototype compensator. In the second part of this article, electronic equalization for PMD mitigation is explained. Starting with a discussion on performance and adaptation of linear equalizers suitable for analog electronic signal processing, finally also the Viterbi equalizer basing on digital signal processing is analyzed. A comparative review of mitigation by optical or electronic means concludes the discussion.

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Section: Improved Concepts For Optical Pmd Compensatorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Improved Concepts For Optical Pmd Compensatorsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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PMD compensation techniques

Bülow

Lanne²

2004

J Optic Comm Rep

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“…However, Polarimeter, which is expensive for real system, is required to obtain string length. Eye diagrams and delay-tap plots reveal the effect of PMD [12,13], while it is still challenging to measure the value of PMD in the presence of other impairments. RF tone power can be used to monitor PMD [14], though it is also affected by chromatic dispersion (CD) [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD-insensitive PMD monitoring based on RF power measurement

Yang¹,

Chen²,

Cheng³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We propose and experimentally demonstrate a chromatic dispersion (CD)-insensitive first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) monitoring method based on radio-frequency (RF) power measurement. In high-speed (>10-GSym/s) transmission systems, a narrowband fiber Bragg grating (FBG) notch filter filters out the optical components at 10GHz away from the carrier. After square-law detection, the 10-GHz RF tone changes with PMD and is insensitive to CD, which can be used as a PMD monitoring signal. Compared with the monitoring techniques utilizing clock tone, the PMD measurement range is increased from 26.3-ps to 50-ps while the requirement of the bandwidth of photodetector is reduced from 19GHz to 10GHz in 19-Gsym/s systems. It is experimentally shown that this technique is efficient on CD-insensitive first-order PMD monitoring for 38-Gbit/s DQPSK and 57-Gbit/s D8PSK systems.

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“…Real-time bit error monitoring is also useful for fault management [I], quality of service, optical layer protection [2] and eye monitoring for adaptive PMD (Polarization Mode Dispersion) [3] in high capacity transport and access networks. In this paper, we demonstrate, to the best of OUT knowledge, the first real-time all-optical hit error monitoring system at 10 Gbls using two multi-wavelength mutual injectionlocked Fabry-Perot laser diodes (FP-LD) without employing any high speed electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%