A 3D printable alloy designed for extreme environments

Smith, Timothy M.; Kantzos, Christopher; Zarkevich, Nikolai A.; Harder, Bryan J.; Heczko, Milan; Gradl, Paul R.; Thompson, Aaron C.; Mills, Michael J.; Gabb, Timothy P.; Lawson, John W.

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05893-0

Cited by 59 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Among various AM technologies, laser directed energy deposition (LDED) and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are the most commonly used methods for fabricating HEAs . This thermal history presents opportunities for AM-fabricated HEAs to achieve distinct nanostructures, including dispersed nanoparticles, nanoprecipitates and other exceptional phase structures. − …”

Section: Bulk Nanostructured Heasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured High Entropy Alloys as Structural and Functional Materials

Zhu,

Gao,

Yao

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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Since their introduction in 2004, high entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties. Advances in our understanding of atomic-scale ordering and phase formation in HEAs have facilitated the development of fabrication techniques for synthesizing nanostructured HEAs. These materials hold immense potential for applications in various fields including automobile industries, aerospace engineering, microelectronics, and clean energy, where they serve as either structural or functional materials. In this comprehensive Review, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the mechanical and functional properties of nanostructured HEAs, with a particular emphasis on the roles of different nanostructures in modulating these properties. To begin, we explore the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the formation and stability of nanostructures in HEAs. Subsequently, we delve into an examination of the mechanical and electrocatalytic properties exhibited by bulk or three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured HEAs, as well as nanosized HEAs in the form of zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1D) nanowires, or two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets. Finally, we present an outlook on the current research landscape, highlighting the challenges and opportunities associated with nanostructure design and the understanding of structure−property relationships in nanostructured HEAs.

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Section: Bulk Nanostructured Heasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured High Entropy Alloys as Structural and Functional Materials

Zhu,

Gao,

Yao

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition to the overall cost of the procedure, the required equipment and materials can be expensive. Post-processing steps (such as heat treatment and surface finishing) are necessary to achieve the desired mechanical properties and surface quality, thereby increasing complexity [109][110][111][112]. Additionally, it is essential to broaden the scope by considering different factors that control vascularization, such as porosity, pore size, and pore connectivity of metal/ceramic implants and coating [113].…”

Section: Biomedical Applications Through Ceramic and Metal 3d Printin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Biocompatible 3D-Printed Artificial Blood Vessels through Multidimensional Approaches

Choi,

Lee,

Jang

et al. 2023

JFB

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Within the human body, the intricate network of blood vessels plays a pivotal role in transporting nutrients and oxygen and maintaining homeostasis. Bioprinting is an innovative technology with the potential to revolutionize this field by constructing complex multicellular structures. This technique offers the advantage of depositing individual cells, growth factors, and biochemical signals, thereby facilitating the growth of functional blood vessels. Despite the challenges in fabricating vascularized constructs, bioprinting has emerged as an advance in organ engineering. The continuous evolution of bioprinting technology and biomaterial knowledge provides an avenue to overcome the hurdles associated with vascularized tissue fabrication. This article provides an overview of the biofabrication process used to create vascular and vascularized constructs. It delves into the various techniques used in vascular engineering, including extrusion-, droplet-, and laser-based bioprinting methods. Integrating these techniques offers the prospect of crafting artificial blood vessels with remarkable precision and functionality. Therefore, the potential impact of bioprinting in vascular engineering is significant. With technological advances, it holds promise in revolutionizing organ transplantation, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. By mimicking the natural complexity of blood vessels, bioprinting brings us one step closer to engineering organs with functional vasculature, ushering in a new era of medical advancement.

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“…In comparison with organic materials, dielectric and ceramic materials are difficult to fabricate into complex structures, particularly at microscales with high resolution. The process of manufacturing 3D inorganic structures requires inorganic materials to be tightly bonded at the micro-and nanoscale by sintering, which remains a huge limitation for improving resolution and degree of freedom [9,10]. In addition, the introduced porosity and inhomogeneity during traditional sintering may lead to the formation of cracks, making the architecture integrity susceptible to damage [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotropic sintering shrinkage of 3D glass-ceramic nanolattices: backbone preforming and mechanical enhancement

Chai,

Yue,

Chen

et al. 2024

Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.

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There is a perpetual pursuit for free-form glasses and ceramics featuring outstanding mechanical properties as well as chemical and thermal resistance. It is a promising idea to shape inorganic materials in three-dimensional (3D) forms to reduce their weight while maintaining high mechanical properties. A popular strategy for the preparation of 3D inorganic materials is to mold the organic-inorganic hybrid photoresists into 3D micro- and nano-structures and remove the organic components by subsequent sintering. However, due to the discrete arrangement of inorganic components in the organic-inorganic hybrid photoresists, it remains a huge challenge to attain isotropic shrinkage during sintering. Herein, we demonstrate the isotropic sintering shrinkage by forming the consecutive -Si-O-Si-O-Zr-O- inorganic backbone in photoresists and fabricate 3D glass-ceramic nanolattices with enhanced mechanical properties. The femtosecond (fs) laser is used for two-photon polymerization (TPP) to fabricate 3D green body structures. After subsequent sintering at 1000 ℃, high-quality 3D glass-ceramic microstructures can be obtained with perfectly intact and smooth morphology. In-suit compression experiments and finite-element simulations reveal that octahedral-truss (Oct-Truss) lattices possess remarkable adeptness in bearing stress concentration and maintain the structural integrity to resist rod bending, indicating that this structure is a candidate for preparing lightweight and high stiffness glass-ceramic nanolattices. 3D printing of such glasses and ceramics has significant implications in a number of industrial applications, including metamaterials, microelectromechanical systems, photonic crystals, and damage-tolerant lightweight materials.

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A 3D printable alloy designed for extreme environments

Cited by 59 publications

References 66 publications

Nanostructured High Entropy Alloys as Structural and Functional Materials

Nanostructured High Entropy Alloys as Structural and Functional Materials

Development of Biocompatible 3D-Printed Artificial Blood Vessels through Multidimensional Approaches

Isotropic sintering shrinkage of 3D glass-ceramic nanolattices: backbone preforming and mechanical enhancement

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