NO3RR synthesis of ammonia is a complex eight-electron
reaction involving multiple steps and intermediates, in which NO3
– adsorption and NH3 desorption
are crucial. The Cu-based high entropy quinary alloy catalyst has
good surface adsorption and desorption ability for the reduction of
nitric acid to ammonia. Here, the catalytic sites were coordinated
by constructing CuNiCoZnMn alloys to adjust the electronic structure
of the catalytic sites to facilitate the reaction of the substrate
and thus optimize the whole reaction path. Based on the ternary alloy
CuNiCo, the introduction of the Zn element continues to reduce the
desorption energy barrier, and the introduction of the Mn element
continues to enhance the initial adsorption energy so that the target
product can be quickly held and released to accelerate the production
of ammonia. The NH3 yield and Faraday efficiency obtained
for the quinary CuNiCoZnMn alloy catalyst reached 723.7 μmol
h–1 cm–2 and 96.6%, respectively,
at −0.35 V vs RHE potential. The density functional theory
calculations showed that the quinary CuNiCoZnMn alloy (NO3
– to *NO3
–) initial
adsorption-free energy change and (*NH3 to NH3) NH3 desorption-free energy change are −2.50,
0.072 eV, respectively, which are significantly better than those
of the ternary CuNiC and quaternary CuNiCoZn of −2.02, 0.544
eV and −1.97, 0.217 eV.