A 3D In Vitro Model of the Human Airway Epithelium Exposed to Tritiated Water: Dosimetric Estimate and Cytotoxic Effects

Baiocco, G.; George, Isabelle; Garcia‐Argote, Sébastien; Guardamagna, Isabella; Lonati, Leonardo; Lamartinière, Yordenca; Orsière, Thierry; Rousseau, Bernard; Ottolenghi, A.; Jha, Awadhesh N.; Lebaron-Jacobs, L.; Grisolia, Christian; Malard, Véronique

doi:10.1667/rade-20-00208.1

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The activities associated with tritiated stainless steel and cement particles were, respectively, 16.5 kBq/well and 3.75 kBq/well. These results are in agreement with data obtained by Baiocco et al showing a lack of toxicity following exposure of the MucilAir TM model to HTO at the activities up to 330 kBq/well [ 28 ]. The lack of toxicity could also be associated with the presence of a mucus layer on the surface of MucilAir TM , which reduced the interaction between the particles and cells, thus protecting them from severe damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Due to the high density (d = 7.87) of the stainless steel and the presence of these aggregates, the SS316L particles rapidly settled out of suspension. Indeed, based on Stokes law, ~3 μm SS316L particles would sediment at a velocity of 0.14 mm/s [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently used such a model to assess the toxicity of tritiated tungsten particles [ 31 ] and to quantify cytotoxicity and tritium absorption after administration of HTO to the tissue for 24 h, at different activity levels (up to 33 kBq µL –1 cm –2 ). A simple dosimetric model was developed to estimate the upper limits of the dose to cells, starting from the administered activity and considering water transport through the tissue [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the production rate of particles from cutting operations was too low, a commercial powder (FF216030 Goodfellow Cambridge Limited, Huntingdon, UK) with similar characteristics to the home-made stainless steel particles was used. The elemental composition of the stainless steel particles was 69% w / w Fe, 17% w / w Cr, 10% w / w Ni, and 2% w / w Mo [ 28 ]. Scanning electron microscopy showed that these particles are spheroidal with size diameters from 1 to 8 µm [ 52 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment of combinations of various endpoints such as epithelium integrity can be conducted. Recently, using the MucilAir TM model, a 3D in vitro cell model of the human airway epithelium, a small and persisting (over seven days) effect on epithelial integrity and inflammatory response without any decrease in cell viability was documented following high-level exposure to HTO (330 kBq/well corresponding to 44 cGy/well) [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyto-Genotoxicity of Tritiated Stainless Steel and Cement Particles in Human Lung Cell Models

Lamartinière¹,

Slomberg

Payet

et al. 2022

IJMS

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During the decommissioning of nuclear facilities, the tritiated materials must be removed. These operations generate tritiated steel and cement particles that could be accidentally inhaled by workers. Thus, the consequences of human exposure by inhalation to these particles in terms of radiotoxicology were investigated. Their cyto-genotoxicity was studied using two human lung models: the BEAS-2B cell line and the 3D MucilAirTM model. Exposures of the BEAS-2B cell line to particles (2 and 24 h) did not induce significant cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, DNA damage occurred upon exposure to tritiated and non-tritiated particles, as observed by alkaline comet assay. Tritiated particles only induced cytostasis; however, both induced a significant increase in centromere negative micronuclei. Particles were also assessed for their effects on epithelial integrity and metabolic activity using the MucilAirTM model in a 14-day kinetic mode. No effect was noted. Tritium transfer through the epithelium was observed without intracellular accumulation. Overall, tritiated and non-tritiated stainless steel and cement particles were associated with moderate toxicity. However, these particles induce DNA lesions and chromosome breakage to which tritium seems to contribute. These data should help in a better management of the risk related to the inhalation of these types of particles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cyto-Genotoxicity of Tritiated Stainless Steel and Cement Particles in Human Lung Cell Models

Lamartinière¹,

Slomberg

Payet

et al. 2022

IJMS

Self Cite

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Tritiated Steel Micro-Particles: Computational Dosimetry and Prediction of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage for In Vitro Cell Culture Exposures

et al. 2022

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Biological effects of radioactive particles can be experimentally investigated in vitro as a function of particle concentration, specific activity and exposure time. However, a careful dosimetric analysis is needed to elucidate the role of radiation emitted by radioactive products in inducing cyto- and geno-toxicity: the quantification of radiation dose is essential to eventually inform dose-risk correlations. This is even more fundamental when radioactive particles are short-range emitters and when they have a chemical speciation that might further concur to the heterogeneity of energy deposition at the cellular and sub-cellular level. To this aim, we need to use computational models. In this work, we made use of a Monte Carlo radiation transport code to perform a computational dosimetric reconstruction for in vitro exposure of cells to tritiated steel particles of micrometric size. Particles of this kind have been identified as worth of attention in nuclear power industry and research: tritium easily permeates in steel elements of nuclear reactor machinery, and mechanical operations on these elements (e.g., sawing) during decommissioning of old facilities can result in particle dispersion, leading to human exposure via inhalation. Considering the software replica of a representative in vitro setup to study the effect of such particles, we therefore modelled the radiation field due to the presence of particles in proximity of cells. We developed a computational approach to reconstruct the dose range to individual cell nuclei in contact with a particle, as well as the fraction of “hit” cells and the average dose for the whole cell population, as a function of particle concentration in the culture medium. The dosimetric analysis also provided the basis to make predictions on tritium-induced DNA damage: we estimated the dose-dependent expected yield of DNA double strand breaks due to tritiated steel particle radiation, as an indicator of their expected biological effectiveness.

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Algae induced tritium organification promotes human exposure risk

Mao,

lu,

Miao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The human radiation exposure caused by tritiated water (HTO) release has long been underestimated due to neglecting the transfer of its bioconversion products (organically bounded tritium, OBT) along the food chain. Here we systematically assessed the enrichment and organification of tritium (3H) by algae and the transfer OBT in the marine food chain. We found that algae rapidly incorporate and transfer HTO into OBT as part of nutrients for trophic transfer to fish, specifically retaining in brain to conduct behavioral toxicity. Additionally, the obtained concentration factors (CF) and transfer factors (TF) are crucial for estimating internal exposure dose to human individuals (IEDI), providing more rigorous risk assessment for planted 3H release and some leakage accidents.

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A 3D In Vitro Model of the Human Airway Epithelium Exposed to Tritiated Water: Dosimetric Estimate and Cytotoxic Effects

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Cyto-Genotoxicity of Tritiated Stainless Steel and Cement Particles in Human Lung Cell Models

Cyto-Genotoxicity of Tritiated Stainless Steel and Cement Particles in Human Lung Cell Models

Tritiated Steel Micro-Particles: Computational Dosimetry and Prediction of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage for In Vitro Cell Culture Exposures

Algae induced tritium organification promotes human exposure risk

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