A 3D ERT study of solute transport in a large experimental tank

Slater, Lee; Binley, Andrew; Versteeg, Roelof; Cassiani, Giorgio; Birken, Ralf; Sandberg, Stewart K.

doi:10.1016/s0926-9851(02)00124-6

Cited by 154 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the past two decades, ERT has been used to monitor salt tracer tests or water infiltration through the vadose zone in relatively homogeneous or stratified hydrogeological systems either in the laboratory (Binley et al, 1996a;Slater et al, , 2002Koestel et al, 2008) or in test sites (Slater et al, 1997a;al Hagrey and Michaelsen, 1999;Day-Lewis et al, 2003;Singha and Gorelick, 2005;Cassiani et al, 2006;Müller et al, 2010). Table 1 presents a nonexhaustive list of surveys that were designed to monitor water infiltration or salt tracer propagation in the laboratory and in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A salt tracer test monitored with surface ERT to detect preferential flow and transport paths in fractured/karstified limestones

et al. 2012

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In hard-rock aquifers, fractured zones constitute adequate drinking water exploitation areas but also potential contamination paths. One critical issue in hydrogeological research is to identify, characterize, and monitor such fractured zones at a representative scale. A tracer test monitored with surface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) could help by delineating such preferential flow paths and estimating dynamic properties of the aquifer. However, multiple challenges exist including the lower resolution of surface ERT compared with crosshole ERT, the finite time that is needed to complete an entire data acquisition, and the strong dilution effects. We conducted a natural gradient salt tracer test in fractured limestones. To account for the high transport velocity, we injected the salt tracer continuously for four hours at a depth of 18 m. We monitored its propagation with two parallel ERT profiles perpendicular to the groundwater flow direction. Concerning the data acquisition, we always focused on data quality over temporal resolution. We performed the experiment twice to prove its reproducibility by increasing the salt concentration in the injected solution (from 38 to [Formula: see text]). Our research focused on how we faced every challenge to delineate a preferential flow and solute transport path in a typical calcareous valley of southern Belgium and on the estimation of the transport velocity (more than [Formula: see text]). In this complex environment, we imaged a clear tracer arrival in both ERT profiles and for both tests. Applying filters (with a cutoff on the relative sensitivity matrix and on the background-resistivity changes) was helpful to isolate the preferential flow path from artifacts. Regarding our findings, our approach could be improved to perform a more quantitative experiment. With a higher temporal resolution, the estimated value of the transport velocity could be narrowed, allowing estimation of the percentage of tracer recovery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A salt tracer test monitored with surface ERT to detect preferential flow and transport paths in fractured/karstified limestones

et al. 2012

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“…Comparison of pixel breakthrough curves with observed point measurements has been successfully applied to characterize fluid flow and solute transport [e.g., Binley et al, 1996;Slater et al, 2000Slater et al, , 2002. The purpose of our comparison is to demonstrate that the ER images are sensitive to the tracer in the subsurface.…”

Section: Post-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental hydrology

2016

Choice Reviews Online

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[1] Hyporheic hydrodynamics are a control on stream ecosystems, yet we lack a thorough understanding of catchment controls on these flow paths, including valley constraint and hydraulic gradients in the valley bottom. We performed four whole-stream solute tracer injections under steady state flow conditions at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, United States) and collected electrical resistivity (ER) imaging to directly quantify the 2-D spatial extent of hyporheic exchange through seasonal base flow recession. ER images provide spatially distributed information that is unavailable for stream solute transport modeling studies from monitoring wells alone. The lateral and vertical extent of the hyporheic zone was quantified using both ER images and spatial moment analysis. Results oppose the common conceptual model of hyporheic ''compression'' by increased lateral hydraulic gradients toward the stream. We found that the extent of the hyporheic zone increased with decreasing vertical gradients away from the stream, in contrast to expectations from conceptual models. Increasing hyporheic extent was observed with both increasing and decreasing down-valley (i.e., parallel to the valley gradient) and cross-valley (i.e., from the hillslope to the stream, perpendicular to the valley gradient) hydraulic gradients. We conclude that neither cross-valley nor down-valley hydraulic gradients are sufficient predictors of hyporheic exchange flux nor flow path network extent. Increased knowledge of the controls on hyporheic exchange, the temporal dynamics of exchange flow paths, and their the spatial distribution is the first step toward predicting hyporheic exchange at the scale of individual flow paths. Future studies need to more carefully consider interactions between spatiotemporally dynamic hydraulic gradients and subsurface architecture as controls on hyporheic exchange.

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“…Time-lapse electrical resistivity measurements have been demonstrated to be capable of mapping spatial and temporal changes in subsurface electrical conductivity (Versteeg, Birken et al 2000;Slater, Binley et al 2002;Williams, Ntarlagiannis et al 2005;Davis, Atekwana et al 2006). Amendments used in bioremediation typically have an electrical conductivity that substantially differs from bulk background subsurface electrical conductivity.…”

Section: This Problem -How To Reduce the Uncertainty In Amendment Empmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Enhanced Bioremediation Through 4D Geophysical Monitoring and Autonomous Data Collection, Processing and Analysis

Major¹,

Versteeg²,

Day‐Lewis³

et al. 2014

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A 3D ERT study of solute transport in a large experimental tank

Cited by 154 publications

References 9 publications

A salt tracer test monitored with surface ERT to detect preferential flow and transport paths in fractured/karstified limestones

A salt tracer test monitored with surface ERT to detect preferential flow and transport paths in fractured/karstified limestones

Environmental hydrology

Optimized Enhanced Bioremediation Through 4D Geophysical Monitoring and Autonomous Data Collection, Processing and Analysis

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