A 32-Year-Old Female with AIDS,<i>Pneumocystis jiroveci</i>Pneumonia, and Methemoglobinemia

Giangreco, G; Campbell, Dean; Cowan, Mark J.

doi:10.1155/2013/980589

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…12 Vitamin C deficiency does not affect the elimination of zinc. 13 However, zinc deficiency enhances the urinary excretion of vitamin C. 14 Urinary vitamin C loss can significantly undermine the repletion of vitamin C. In Table 2, we outline the risk factors for vitamin C deficiency, 15-20 and in Table 3, we outline risk factors for zinc deficency. 13,21-27…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbate- and Zinc-Responsive Parkinsonism

2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbate- and Zinc-Responsive Parkinsonism

2014

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“…It is approved for treating methemoglobinemia with the following dosing instructions: “Intravenous (IV): 1–2 mg/kg over 5–30 minutes (maximum single dose: 100 mg, using actual body weight); may repeat dose 1 hour later if methemoglobin level remains above 30% or symptoms persist.”[ 1 ] It is often used as an antidote for toxin exposures that lead to methemoglobin build-up in the blood. [ 2 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene blue for hemolytic crisis in patients with met-hemoglobinemia secondary to hemoglobin volga: A case series

Capito,

Skaff,

Kinney

et al. 2024

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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There is a rare subset of patients with a genetically abnormal hemoglobin structure initially discovered in the Volga region of Europe known as Volga anemia. Key features of this condition include compromised delivery of oxygen to peripheral tissues and altered red blood cells that have a higher likelihood of being broken down or hemolyzed, which can lead to significant hemolytic anemia. Methylene blue is a dye that acts as a reducing agent of oxygen and is commonly used in toxic states that lead to methemoglobin build-up. This paper explores the pathophysiology of this genetic condition and documents three cases across two patients—a father and son—when methylene blue was used during an anemic crisis.

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“…Current devices, such as co-oximeters and blood gas analyzers, are frequently applied to evaluate the abnormal presence of methemoglobin in blood samples [30]. The readings provided by co-oximeters often provide false positives in the presence of sulfhemoglobin and methylene blue [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Transcutaneous Monitoring of Hemoglobin Derivatives Using a Red-Green-Blue Camera-Based Spectral Imaging Technique

Khatun

Aizu

Nishidate

2021

IJMS

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Cyanosis is a pathological condition that is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. It may result from a number of medical conditions, including disorders of the respiratory system and central nervous system, cardiovascular diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, deep vein thrombosis, and regional ischemia. Cyanosis can also be elicited from methemoglobin. Therefore, a simple, rapid, and simultaneous monitoring of changes in oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin is useful for protective strategies against organ ischemic injury. We previously developed a red-green-blue camera-based spectral imaging method for the measurements of melanin concentration, oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbO), deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbR), total hemoglobin concentration (CHbT) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) in skin tissues. We leveraged this approach in this study and extended it to the simultaneous quantifications of methemoglobin concentration (CmetHb), CHbO, CHbR, and StO2. The aim of the study was to confirm the feasibility of the method to monitor CmetHb, CHbO, CHbR, CHbT, and StO2. We performed in vivo experiments using rat dorsal skin during methemoglobinemia induced by the administration of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and changing the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), including normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia. Spectral diffuse reflectance images were estimated from an RGB image by the Wiener estimation method. Multiple regression analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations of light transport was used to estimate CHbO, CHbR, CmetHb, CHbT, and StO2. CmetHb rapidly increased with a half-maximum time of less than 30 min and reached maximal values nearly 60 min after the administration of NaNO2, whereas StO2 dramatically dropped after the administration of NaNO2, indicating the temporary production of methemoglobin and severe hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia. Time courses of CHbT and StO2, while changing the FiO2, coincided with well-known physiological responses to hyperoxia, normoxia, and hypoxia. The results indicated the potential of this method to evaluate changes in skin hemodynamics due to loss of tissue viability and vitality.

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A 32-Year-Old Female with AIDS,Pneumocystis jiroveciPneumonia, and Methemoglobinemia

Abstract: We report a case of methemoglobinemia with significant hemoglobin desaturation in a young female with AIDS who was being treated for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. A review of the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of methemoglobinemia is presented.

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Ascorbate- and Zinc-Responsive Parkinsonism

Ascorbate- and Zinc-Responsive Parkinsonism

Methylene blue for hemolytic crisis in patients with met-hemoglobinemia secondary to hemoglobin volga: A case series

In Vivo Transcutaneous Monitoring of Hemoglobin Derivatives Using a Red-Green-Blue Camera-Based Spectral Imaging Technique

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