A 3-Mbps, 802.11g-Based EMG Recording System With Fully Implantable 5-Electrode EMGxbrk Acquisition Device

Ng, Kian Ann; Rusly, Astrid; Gammad, Gil Gerald Lasam; Le, Nguyen; Liu, Shih-Chiang; Leong, Kenneth; Zhang, Miaolin; Ho, John S.; Yoo, Jerald; Yen, Shih-Cheng

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2020.3009088

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Remarkably, all the works identified make use of WPT by inductive coupling. There are two typical conformations: (1) a central unit connected to the electrodes using leads (e.g., the IST-12 [ 7 ], the MyoPlant [ 15 , 47 , 48 ] and Ripple [ 49 ]), and (2) a cluster of wireless cylindrical implants (IMES [ 50 ]). This last conformation is very convenient, as the implantation procedure can be done using minimally invasive techniques [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating EMG sensors and stimulators wirelessly powered and operated by volume conduction for networked neuroprosthetics

Becerra-Fajardo

Krob

Minguillón

et al. 2022

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Background Implantable neuroprostheses consisting of a central electronic unit wired to electrodes benefit thousands of patients worldwide. However, they present limitations that restrict their use. Those limitations, which are more adverse in motor neuroprostheses, mostly arise from their bulkiness and the need to perform complex surgical implantation procedures. Alternatively, it has been proposed the development of distributed networks of intramuscular wireless microsensors and microstimulators that communicate with external systems for analyzing neuromuscular activity and performing stimulation or controlling external devices. This paradigm requires the development of miniaturized implants that can be wirelessly powered and operated by an external system. To accomplish this, we propose a wireless power transfer (WPT) and communications approach based on volume conduction of innocuous high frequency (HF) current bursts. The currents are applied through external textile electrodes and are collected by the wireless devices through two electrodes for powering and bidirectional digital communications. As these devices do not require bulky components for obtaining power, they may have a flexible threadlike conformation, facilitating deep implantation by injection. Methods We report the design and evaluation of advanced prototypes based on the above approach. The system consists of an external unit, floating semi-implantable devices for sensing and stimulation, and a bidirectional communications protocol. The devices are intended for their future use in acute human trials to demonstrate the distributed paradigm. The technology is assayed in vitro using an agar phantom, and in vivo in hindlimbs of anesthetized rabbits. Results The semi-implantable devices were able to power and bidirectionally communicate with the external unit. Using 13 commands modulated in innocuous 3 MHz HF current bursts, the external unit configured the sensing and stimulation parameters, and controlled their execution. Raw EMG was successfully acquired by the wireless devices at 1 ksps. Conclusions The demonstrated approach overcomes key limitations of existing neuroprostheses, paving the way to the development of distributed flexible threadlike sensors and stimulators. To the best of our knowledge, these devices are the first based on WPT by volume conduction that can work as EMG sensors and as electrical stimulators in a network of wireless devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating EMG sensors and stimulators wirelessly powered and operated by volume conduction for networked neuroprosthetics

Becerra-Fajardo

Krob

Minguillón

et al. 2022

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Remarkably, all the works identified make use of WPT by inductive coupling. There are two typical conformations: 1) a central unit connected to the electrodes using leads (e.g., the IST-12 [7], the MyoPlant [47], [15], [48] and Ripple [49]), and 2) a cluster of wireless cylindrical implants (IMES [50]). This last conformation is very convenient, as the implantation procedure can be done using minimally invasive techniques [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Batteries, with their intrinsic limited lifespan and large volume [13], are not suitable as primary sources of power in very small electronic implants. These floating implants, in clinical use or preclinically demonstrated, are typically powered by means of wireless power transfer (WPT) methods such as inductive coupling -the most established WPT method - [14][15][16][17], ultrasonic acoustic coupling [18][19][20] and capacitive coupling [21][22][23]. These methods have obtained high miniaturization levels, at the expense of link efficiency, penetration depth, or functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating EMG Sensors and Stimulators Wirelessly Powered and Operated by Volume Conduction for Networked Neuroprosthetics

Becerra-Fajardo

Krob

Minguillón

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Implantable neuroprostheses consisting of a central electronic unit wired to electrodes benefit thousands of patients worldwide. However, they present limitations that restrict their use. Those limitations, which are more adverse in motor neuroprostheses, mostly arise from their bulkiness and the need to perform complex surgical implantation procedures. Alternatively, it has been proposed the development of distributed networks of intramuscular wireless microsensors and microstimulators that communicate with external systems for analyzing neuromuscular activity and performing stimulation or controlling external devices. This paradigm requires the development of miniaturized implants that can be wirelessly powered and operated by an external system. To accomplish this, we propose a wireless power transfer (WPT) and communications approach based on volume conduction of innocuous high frequency (HF) current bursts. The currents are applied through external textile electrodes and are collected by the wireless devices through two electrodes for powering and bidirectional digital communications. As these devices do not require bulky components for obtaining power, they may have a flexible threadlike conformation, facilitating deep implantation by injection. Methods: We report the design and evaluation of advanced prototypes based on the above approach. The system consists of an external unit, floating semi-implantable devices for sensing and stimulation, and a bidirectional communications protocol. The devices are intended for their future use in acute human trials to demonstrate the distributed paradigm. The technology is assayed in vitro using an agar phantom, and in vivo in hindlimbs of anesthetized rabbits. Results: The semi-implantable devices were able to power and bidirectionally communicate with the external unit. Using 13 commands modulated in innocuous 3 MHz HF current bursts, the external unit configured the sensing and stimulation parameters, and controlled their execution. Raw EMG was successfully acquired by the wireless devices at 1 ksps. Conclusions: The demonstrated approach overcomes key limitations of existing neuroprostheses, paving the way to the development of distributed flexible threadlike sensors and stimulators. To the best of our knowledge, these devices are the first based on WPT by volume conduction that can work as EMG sensors and as electrical stimulators in a network of wireless devices.

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“…Методологія та засоби верифікації синдрому спастичності на моделях ТСМ потребують істотного вдосконалення, можливо, із залученням засобів хронічного in vivo ЕНМГ-моніторингу [148,149] чи реєстрації електричних і динамічних показників функції м'яза [113] у седованих тварин без глибокої міорелаксації і анестезії.…”

Section: висновкиunclassified

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

Medvediev¹,

Abdallah²,

Draguntsova³

et al. 2021

Ukr Neurosurg J

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Purpose. To test the model of spinal cord lateral hemiexcision in young rats. Materials and methods. Animals ‒ male rats (age about 1 month, body weight about 50 g, inbred derivatives of the Wistar line); the number of experimental groups is: 1) lateral spinal cord hemisection at the level of segments about T12–T13 (Sect; n=11); 2) lateral spinal cord hemiexcision about 1 mm long at the similar level (Exc; n=8). Assessment of motor Function Index (FI) and the Spasticity Index (SI) of the paretic hindlimb was carried out using the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) scale and Ashworth scale, respectively, in our technical modifications. The non-inclusion criteria: the BBB score above 9 points of FI for the ipsilateral hindlimb in a week after injury ‒and / or BBB score less than or equal to 14 points of FI of the contralateral hindlimb during a long follow-up period (in general, 2 animals in the Sect group, 3 animals ‒ in the Exc group). Asymptotic differences in the timing of testing between subgroups and groups were revealed during the first three weeks of follow-up. Interpolation reproduction of individual values of FI and SI was used in exceptional cases. The total follow-up period was 5 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test, Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation. For pathomorphological study, the method of silver impregnation of the spinal cord longitudinal sections of the Exc group animals obtained in 5 months after the simulation of injury was used. Results. One week after injury, the FI in the Sect group was 5.9±1.1 according to BBB points, a statistically significant increase in the FI lasted for the first 3 weeks (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test), the FI maximum in the group was 10.1±1.1 BBB points, and the FI value at the end of the study was 9.5±1.0 BBB points. In the Exc group, 1 week after injury, the FI was 0.9±0.5 BBB points, during the next week it reached the actual maximum (1.9±0.7 BBB points), by the end of the 5th month it significantly decreased to 0.8±0.3 BBB points (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test). One week after injury, the SI value in the Sect group was 0.3±0.1 points according to Ashworth scale, in the Exc group ‒ 0.7±0.1 Ashworth points, a significant increase (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test) in SI in the Sect group was noted during the 2nd week and the 2nd month, in the Exc group ‒ during the 2nd and 6th week, as well as the 3rd and 5th month after injury. The SI final and maximal score for the Sect group was 0.8±0.2 Ashworth points, and for the Exc group ‒ 3.6±0.3 Ashworth points. For both groups, there was no correlation between the mean FI value and a significant positive correlation of the mean SI value with the value of the follow-up period (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation), as well as the absence of correlation between the mean FI and SI values during the total follow-up period. A significant negative correlation (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation) between individual FI and SI values was found after 1 and 4 weeks, 3 and 5 months after the injury for the Sect group, as well as after 5, 7, 8 weeks and after 3 and 4 months for the Exc group. At all periods of follow-up, the difference in both FI and SI mean values of both groups was significant (p<0.05; the Mann-Whitney U Test). Conclusions. The studied model of spinal cord injury in young rats is the means of choice for testing solid neural transplantation means for the spinal cord injury restorative treatment. The interpretation of data obtained using the BBB scale on models of lateral half spinal cord injury should be carried out with caution, and the methodology for verifying spasticity requires significant improvement. We recommend that the optimal timing for the FI and SI monitoring after lateral half spinal cord injury is 7 days, 14 days and in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 months.

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A 3-Mbps, 802.11g-Based EMG Recording System With Fully Implantable 5-Electrode EMGxbrk Acquisition Device

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Floating EMG sensors and stimulators wirelessly powered and operated by volume conduction for networked neuroprosthetics

Floating EMG sensors and stimulators wirelessly powered and operated by volume conduction for networked neuroprosthetics

Floating EMG Sensors and Stimulators Wirelessly Powered and Operated by Volume Conduction for Networked Neuroprosthetics

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

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