A 3 Ga old polythermal ice sheet in Isidis Planitia, Mars: Dynamics and thermal regime inferred from numerical modeling

Souček, Ondřej; Bourgeois, Olivier; Pochat, Stéphane; Guidat, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.038

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…They have been successively described as volcanic or glacial landforms. Suggested analogs include rootless cones, cinder cones [ Frey and Jarosewich , ], and ice‐cored moraine [ Lucchitta , ; Scott and Underwood , ; Lockwood et al ., ; Guidat et al ., ; Souček et al ., ]. However, the lack of associated glacial flow features (drumlins, kettle holes, and eskers) is inconsistent with the glacial hypothesis [ Thomson and Head , ].…”

Section: Finding the Origin Of The Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling tsunami propagation and the emplacement of thumbprint terrain in an early Mars ocean

et al. 2017

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The identification of lobate debris deposits in Arabia Terra, along the proposed paleoshoreline of a former northern ocean, has renewed questions about the existence and stability of ocean‐sized body of water in the early geologic history of Mars. The potential occurrence of impact‐generated tsunamis in a northern ocean was investigated by comparing the geomorphologic characteristics of the Martian deposits with the predictions of well‐validated terrestrial models (scaled to Mars) of tsunami wave height, propagation direction, runup elevation, and distance for three potential sea levels. Our modeling suggests several potential impact craters ~30–50 km in diameter as the source of the tsunami events. Within the complex topography of flat‐floored valleys and plateaus along the dichotomy boundary, the interference of the multiple reflected and refracted waves that are observed in the simulation may explain the origin of the arcuate pattern that characterizes the thumbprint terrain.

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Section: Finding the Origin Of The Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have been successively described as volcanic or glacial landforms. Suggested analogs include rootless cones, cinder cones [Frey and Jarosewich, 1982], and ice-cored moraine [Lucchitta, 1981;Scott and Underwood, 1991;Lockwood et al, 1992;Guidat et al, 2015;Souček et al, 2015]. Figure 10.…”

Section: Thumbprint Terrains In Arabia Terramentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling tsunami propagation and the emplacement of thumbprint terrain in an early Mars ocean

et al. 2017

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“…Head et al, 2006;Dickson et al, 2008;Fastook et al, 2014), where surface lowering of up to ~900 m has been inferred (Dickson et al, 2008). Indeed, the identification of relict landforms of glacial origin across large areas of Mars has led to inferences of former regional-to continental-scale ice sheet glaciation (Kargel et al, 1995;Hobley et al, 2014;Souček et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Former extent of glacier-like forms on Mars

Brough

Hubbard

2016

Icarus

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This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2016.03.006Mars? mid-latitude glacier-like forms (GLFs) have undergone substantial mass loss and recession since a hypothesised last martian glacial maximum (LMGM) stand. To date, there is a lack of knowledge of the nature and timing of the LMGM, the subsequent mass loss and whether this mass loss has been spatially variable. Here, we present the results of a population-scale inventory of recessional GLFs, derived from analysis of 1293 GLFs identified within Context Camera (CTX) imagery, to assess the distribution and controls on GLF recession. A total of 436 GLFs were identified showing strong evidence of recession: 197 in the northern hemisphere and 239 in the southern hemisphere. Relative to their parent populations, recessional GLFs are over-represented in the low latitude belts between 25 and 40o and in areas of high relief, suggesting that these zones exert some control over GLF sensitivity and response to forcing. This analysis is complemented by the reconstruction of the maximum extent and morphology of a specific GLF for which High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) derived digital elevation data are available. Using Nye?s (Nye, J. F. [1951] Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond, Ser. A-Mat. Phys. Sci, 207, 554-572) perfect plastic approximation of ice flow applied to multiple flow-lines under an optimum yield strength of 22 kPa, we calculate that the reconstructed GLF has lost an area of 6.86 km2 with a corresponding volume loss of 0.31 km3 since the LMGM. Assuming the loss reconstructed at this GLF occurred at all mid-latitude GLFs yields a total planetary ice loss from Mars? GLFs of 135 km3, similar to the current ice volume in the European Alps on Earth.authorsversionPeer reviewe

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“…The production and circulation of meltwater at the base of glaciers and their role on ice behavior and basal erosion are major issues to reconstruct the dynamics of former glacial systems on Earth. Subglacial water flow is also a key issue to predict the future behavior of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets in the context of the global climate change and perhaps also to assess the origin of some valleys on Mars [Carr and Head, 2003;Guidat et al, 2015;Souček et al, 2015]. When an ice sheet overlies a sufficiently permeable substratum, the meltwater infiltrates the bed and circulates as groundwater flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tunnel valleys are amongst the most spectacular landforms related to subglacial water flow, and they play a substantial role in the subglacial hydraulic system [Boulton et al, 2007;Piotrowski et al, 2009]. subglacial tunnel valleys have also been hypothesized to exist on Mars [Kargel and Strom, 1992;Head and Pratt, 2001;Carr and Head, 2003;Guidat et al, 2015;Souček et al, 2015]. The development of tunnel valleys has strong glaciodynamic implications, as their formation may secure the stability of ice sheets by reducing water pressures at the ice/bed interface, thereby preventing catastrophic surges and ice sheet collapses [Marczinek and Piotrowski, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental modeling of pressurized subglacial water flow: Implications for tunnel valley formation

et al. 2016

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Tunnel valleys are elongated hollows commonly found in formerly glaciated areas and interpreted as resulting from subglacial meltwater erosion beneath ice sheets. Over the past two decades, the number of studies of terrestrial tunnel valleys has continuously increased, and their existence has been hypothesized also on Mars, but their formation mechanisms remain poorly understood. We introduce here an innovative experimental approach to examine erosion by circulation of pressurized meltwater within the substratum and at the ice/substratum interface. We used a permeable substratum (sand) partially covered by a viscous, impermeable, and transparent cap (silicon putty), below which we applied a central injection of pure water. Low water pressures led to groundwater circulation in the substratum only, while water pressures exceeding a threshold that is larger than the sum of the glaciostatic and lithostatic pressures led to additional water circulation and formation of drainage landforms at the cap/substratum interface. The formation of these drainage landforms was monitored through time, and their shapes were analyzed from digital elevation models obtained by stereo-photogrammetry. The experimental landforms include valleys that are similar to natural tunnel valleys in their spatial organization and in a number of diagnostic morphological criteria, such as undulating longitudinal profiles and "tunnel" shapes. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that overpressurized subglacial water circulation controls the formation of tunnel valleys.Tunnel valleys are elongated and overdeepened hollows, up to hundreds of kilometers long, several kilometers wide and hundreds of meters deep, and their formation is generally attributed to subglacial meltwater erosion [Ó Cofaigh, 1996;Huuse and Lykke-Andersen, 2000]. They are generally exposed at the emplacement of former ice sheet margins

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A 3 Ga old polythermal ice sheet in Isidis Planitia, Mars: Dynamics and thermal regime inferred from numerical modeling

Cited by 18 publications

References 109 publications

Modeling tsunami propagation and the emplacement of thumbprint terrain in an early Mars ocean

Modeling tsunami propagation and the emplacement of thumbprint terrain in an early Mars ocean

Former extent of glacier-like forms on Mars

Experimental modeling of pressurized subglacial water flow: Implications for tunnel valley formation

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