A 2D Model Analysis of Artificial Knee Joint during Deep Squatting

Fukunaga, Michihiko; Katsuhara, Tadasuke; Hirokawa, Shunji; Mawatari, Masaaki; Hotokebuchi, Takao

doi:10.1299/jbse.4.298

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Vol.12, No.4 (2017) [DOI: 10.1299/jbse.17-00247] By translating tibia anterior, patellofemoral joint force reduced and the tensile force of patella tendon did not change. This can be explained using the force equilibrium of three forces in sagittal plane (Fukunaga et al, 2009). There were three forces acting on patella, quadriceps force, patella tendon force and contact force.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnitude of quadriceps force was inputted as a unit force, because there were no external forces in the model and the contact forces and the tensile force of patella tendon could be obtained as the ratios to quadriceps force. The positions of insertion of tibial side of patellar tendon were determined by the results of previous reports of the PS type of knee prosthesis using a two-dimensional model Vol.12, No.4 (2017) [DOI: 10.1299/jbse.17-00247] analysis (Fukunaga et al, 2009). Since the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tibiofemoral motion, the positions were modified by translating or rotating tibia.…”

Section: Inputting Data For the Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have already performed a two-dimensional model analysis of a total knee including tibiofemoral and patellofemoral (Fukunaga et al, 2009), however, it was the analysis using PS type of knee prosthesis which had not be able to make deep knee flexion and performed deep knee flexion imaginary in order to find out the reason why conventional prostheses cannot make deep knee flexion. The result was that PS type of knee prosthesis cannot propel the femoral rollback during deep knee flexion (Fukunaga et al, 2011), and tibia might translate more anterior in the case of capable of deep knee flexion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 3D model analysis of patellofemoral joint: effect of anterior translation and internal rotation of tibia

Fukunaga

Morimoto

Kajiwara

et al. 2017

JBSE

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The objective of this study was to find out the effect of tibial position and orientation to patellofemoral kinetics, especially during deep knee flexion. The data about patellofemoral kinetics is necessary for calculating tibiofemoral joint force which is used to evaluate a design of knee prosthesis, however, there have been no data how it changes by tibial anterior translation or internal rotation which recent prostheses are aiming. We performed a three-dimensional model analysis with axioms of point contact and force equilibrium. The flexion angle was from 0° to 150° by four conditions. The neutral condition was based on the two-dimensional analysis using PS type of the prosthesis, without internal rotation and plenty femoral roll back. The other conditions were with over 20mm of tibial anterior translation, with 15° of tibial internal rotation, and both the translation and rotation during deep knee flexion. As a result, patellofemoral joint force reduced by tibial anterior translation and did not change by tibial rotation. Tensile force of patella tendon did not change by the tibial position/orientation. By rotating tibia internally, medial contact force increased and lateral reduced. Moreover, tibial anterior translation facilitated the dislocation of patellofemoral joint, and lateral side lifted off with tibial internal rotation. The contact force reduced rapidly before the lift off, and medial contact force increased by the lateral lift off. In this case, although the magnitude of the patella tendon force did not change, the direction of the force might change unignorably. Both tibial anterior translation and internal rotation might be necessary to be capable of deep knee flexion, however, it is also necessary to discuss the interaction between tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints for evaluating the new prosthesis intending deep knee flexion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inputting Data For the Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 3D model analysis of patellofemoral joint: effect of anterior translation and internal rotation of tibia

Fukunaga

Morimoto

Kajiwara

et al. 2017

JBSE

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“…The method was the 2D model simulation 3) . The model was constructed by femoral component, tibia insert and patella component, including some soft tissues around the knee.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Femoral Rollback of PS Knee Prosthesis through Slip Ratio

2011

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The objective of this study was to set forth guidelines for designing such an artificial knee joint that can make deep flexion. To this respect, we performed 2D model simulation for deep squatting in which the conventional posterior stabilized knee prosthesis was fitted. In the simulation we introduced a newly defined slip ratio in order to describe an over slipping phenomenon; the slipping and the rolling directions were mutually reversing. Then, the results demonstrated that the slip ratio was over 1 at high and deep flexion, indicating that the femoral rollback did not occur even though the post and the cam contacted. The relation also indicated that the conventional post-cam mechanism would not work appropriately at high/deep flexion. To overcome the above, and to promote femoral rollback even at high/deep flexion, we proposed a new design of the post-cam mechanism, which we called as a ball-ditch mechanism.

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“…床反力 X, Z, N は実測値を用い，大腿下腿接触力 P は文献 (10) を参照して決定した．未知数は各筋力で H, GM, R, .4 The ratio between the forces of the quadriceps and patella tendon: k(θ) (11) (12) . (a) variations of F n and F t as a function of knee angle θ for the various r values Fig.7 The knee joint forces when rising from a kneeling position.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of the Tensile Force Ratio of Gluteus Maximus and Hamstrings on the Knee Joint Force

Fukunaga¹,

Hirokawa²

2012

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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the tensile force ratio between the two extensor muscles for the hip joint on the forces acting on the knee joint. We have created a 2D model of lower limbs and have performed some simulations to introduce the forces acting on the knee joint for various daily activities. Our simulation results demonstrated good agreements with the in vivo data available in the literature except that the tangential components of knee joint force became pretty larger than those from the in vivo data at high knee flexion angle. We considered that the discrepancy was attributed to the fact that we had assumed the hamstrings force is equal to the gluteus maximus force in order to solve an indeterminate problem, thereby introducing too large values of the hamstrings force. Then we expected that the above discrepancy could be eliminated if we change the tensile force ratio between the hamstrings and the gluteus maximus basing upon a certain biomechanical criterion. Thus we changed our model so that we could introduce the knee joint forces as a function of the above mentioned tensile force ratio. Simulation was performed for the various tensile ratio values and it was found that the knee joint force was sensitively affected by the tensile ratio and the above discrepancy could be eliminated if the ratio value was appropriately chosen. The subject of our future study is to find out the way how to determine the value of the synergetic muscles' force ratio to best fit the calculated joint force to the in vivo data with reflecting a biological rationality.

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A 2D Model Analysis of Artificial Knee Joint during Deep Squatting

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

A 3D model analysis of patellofemoral joint: effect of anterior translation and internal rotation of tibia

A 3D model analysis of patellofemoral joint: effect of anterior translation and internal rotation of tibia

Control of Femoral Rollback of PS Knee Prosthesis through Slip Ratio

Effect of the Tensile Force Ratio of Gluteus Maximus and Hamstrings on the Knee Joint Force

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