A 25-µW All-MOS Potentiostatic Delta-Sigma ADC for Smart Electrochemical Sensors

Cost-effective smartphone-based reconfigurable electrochemical instrument for alcohol determination in whole blood samples

“…The extremely compact design of the printed circuit board (PCB) is based on original circuital topologies which reuses the intrinsic electrochemical time constant and a few electrical components to implement a flexible-yet-high resolution potentiostat (Aymerich et al, 2017;Sutula et al, 2014). Such miniaturized USB-powered PCB is capable to operate the sensor in potentiostatic, cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry mode.…”

“…Since the proposed µPotentiostat follows the idea of (Sutula et al, 2014), where the intrinsic sensor time constant participates in the readout process of the transducer current, electrical characterization of the sensor, in the sense of Randles model, is fundamental. To this purpose experimental impedance measurements of the structures of Section 2.6, have been performed using Autolab.…”

Application of class D power amplifiers in low power potentiostat circuits

“…The inductor together with the cell capacitance and resistance forms a low pass filter that Figure 1. Basic structures of (a) linear output stage potentiostat [16], (b) CMOS output stage potentiostat [21].…”

“…Because the output voltage ripple, V ripple , is directly proportional to T 3 and considering (16), the relation between output voltage ripple and T 1 can be expressed as follows:…”

“…Finally concluding remarks are given in the last section. Figure 1(a) shows the basic structure of a sigma-delta potentiostat [16]. The output MOSFET provides a constant current to the electrochemical cell when activated.…”