A 24 GHz Microwave Sensor With Built-in Calibration Capability Designed in MMIC Technology

Smolarz, Robert; Staszek, Kamil; Wincza, Krzysztof; Gruszczyński, Sławomir

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3060517

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Contact sensors reduce their lifespan which adds to their regular maintenance cost while being continuously used, or increases the supplement cost while carrying consumable and disposable parts [16,17]. Non-contact sensing as well as small size, compactness, low-cost design, and robust sensing significantly increase microwave sensor performance in complex permittivity measurements [18][19][20][21][22][23], while facilitating its integration into monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) [24][25][26]. These sensors take different topologies including split-ring resonator (SRR) [20] and complementary SRR (CSRR) [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Abdolrazzaghi

Nayyeri

Martín

2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Planar microwave sensors have become increasing developed in recent decades, especially in material characterization (solid/liquid) as they provide regions highly sensitive to the surrounding medium. However, when it comes to deciphering the content of practical biological analytes or chemical components inside a host medium, even higher sensitivities are required due to their minute concentrations. This review article presents a comprehensive outlook on various methodologies to enhance sensitivity (e.g., coupling resonators, channel embedding, analyte immobilization, resonator pattern recognition, use of phase variation, using coupled line section, and intermodulation products), resolution (active sensors, differential measurements), and robustness (using machine learning) of arbitrary sensors of interest. Some of the most practical approaches are presented with prototype examples, and the main applications of incorporating such procedures are reported. Sensors with which the proposed techniques are implemented exhibit higher performance for high-end and real-life use.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Abdolrazzaghi

Nayyeri

Martín

2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The comparison showed that the proposed calibration provides accurate results, being very close to the ones obtained in the reference calibration using known calibration loads and to the reflection coefficients measured using commercial VNA. It is therefore seen that the presented procedure is particularly useful for systems in which the measurement circuitry is integrated with DUT with no possibility to precisely characterize calibration loads, and at most, coarse information regarding their reflection coefficient (e.g., simulation results) is given [25]. Furthermore, it can be seen that the model (1) used in the proposed calibration for one-port measurements is also valid for transmission (two-port) measurements, as discussed in [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore seen that the presented procedure is particularly useful for systems in which the measurement circuitry is integrated with DUT with no possibility to precisely characterize calibration loads, and at most, coarse information regarding their reflection coefficient (e.g., simulation results) is given [25]. Furthermore, it can be seen that the model (1) used in the proposed calibration for one-port measurements is also valid for transmission (two-port) measurements, as discussed in [25]. Hence, future works will be focused on the augmentation of the developed procedure on two-port measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Analytical Approach to Calibration of Six-Port Reflectometers Using Matched Load and Unknown Loads for One-Port Measurements

Staszek

2024

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article, the first fully analytical procedure for calibration of six-port reflectometers with a match load and unknown calibration loads, allowing for relative measurements of complex reflection coefficient, is proposed. The used loads may vary in both magnitudes and phases, with no particular requirement on their values; however, for a good performance, they should be reasonably spread over the complex plane. The proposed closed-form solution for six-port reflectometers' calibration does not require any sophisticated numerical algorithm or convergence analysis. Hence, it is significantly simpler to implement even in systems with reduced computational resources. The comparison against the previously reported numerical solution shows that the execution time is reduced by a factor of 800. The calibration is validated with the use of two six-port reflectometers with integrated power detectors over a bandwidth of 2.5-3.5 GHz. The results confirm high robustness to imperfect power measurement and very good agreement with values measured using a commercial vector network analyzer (VNA) for a large range of both magnitude and phase of the measured reflection coefficients.

show abstract

Optimization and Machine Learning Algorithms for Intelligent Microwave Sensing: A Review

Sheikhi,

Bazgir,

Dowlatshahi

2024

Handbook of Formal Optimization

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 24 GHz Microwave Sensor With Built-in Calibration Capability Designed in MMIC Technology

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Fully Analytical Approach to Calibration of Six-Port Reflectometers Using Matched Load and Unknown Loads for One-Port Measurements

Optimization and Machine Learning Algorithms for Intelligent Microwave Sensing: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About