A 1000 Arab genome project to study the Emirati population

Al-Ali, Mariam; Osman, Wael; Tay, Guan K.; Alsafar, Habiba

doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0402-y

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…the Paleolithic "Out of Africa" migrations and the exodus of Neolithic pastoral agriculturalists from the Fertile Crescent and Northern Africa around 11,000 years ago [51]. UAE population is genetically highly heterogeneous [52]. Genetic characteristics of Emiratis are in common with the rest of Arabian Peninsula populations [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The FTO genetic variants are associated with dietary intake and body mass index amongst Emirati population

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe risk of obesity is determined by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Little research to date has investigated the interaction between gene and food intake. The aim of the current study is to explore the potential effect of fat mass and obesity-associated protein gene (FTO) rs9939609 and rs9930506 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the pattern of food intake in the Emirati population.MethodsAdult healthy Emirati subjects with Body mass index (BMI) of 16–40 kg/m2 were included in the study. Genotyping for FTO rs9939609() and rs9930506() was performed using DNA from saliva samples. Subjects were categorized according to the WHO classification by calculating the BMI to compare different classes. Dietary intake was assessed by a sixty-one-item FFQ that estimated food and beverage intakes over the past year. The daily energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient consumption were computed.ResultsWe included 169 subjects in the final analysis (mean age 30.49± 9.1years, 57.4% females). The mean BMI of the study population was 26.19 kg/m2. Both SNPs were in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. The rs9939609 genotype was significantly associated with higher BMI (p = 0.004); the effect was significant in females (p = 0.028), but not in males (p = 0.184). Carbohydrate intake was significantly higher in subjects with a trend of lower fat intake compared to other genotypes. The odds ratio for the was 3.78 in the fourth quartile and 2.67 for the in the second quartile of total carbohydrate intake, considering the first quartile as a reference (95% CI = 1.017–14.1 and 1.03–6.88, respectively). Fat intake was significantly lower in the FTO rs9930506 subjects. The presence of FTO rs9930506 genotype decreased the fat intake in subjects with FTO rs9939609 (p = 0.037).ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight the interaction of the FTO risk alleles on the food intake in Emirati subjects. The FTO rs9939609 subjects had higher carbohydrate and lower fat intake. The latter was accentuated in presence of rs9930506 genotype.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The FTO genetic variants are associated with dietary intake and body mass index amongst Emirati population

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, existence of extensive generation panels is imperative for performing effective hiding. The population scale sequencing projects [3], [5], [7], [51], [52] that generate data for detailed delineation and mapping of genomic diversity in different populations will greatly benefit developing effective generation panels for safely hiding of individuals from minority populations. The publicly available portions of these datasets will enable us to build extensive metacohort generation panels including thousands of samples from diverse set of populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HaploHide: A Data Hiding Framework for Privacy Enhanced Sharing of Personal Genetic Data

Harmanci

Jiang²,

Zhi³

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Personal genetic data is becoming a digital commodity as millions of individuals have direct access to and control of their genetic information. This information must be protected as it can be used for reidentification and potential discrimination of individuals and relatives. While there is a great incentive to share and use genetic information, there are limited number of practical approaches for protecting it when individuals would like to make use of their genomes in clinical and recreational settings. To enable privacy-enhanced usage of genomic data by individuals, we propose a crowd-blending-based framework where portions of the individual's haplotype is "hidden" within a large sample of other haplotypes. The hiding framework is motivated by the existence of large-scale population panels that we utilize for generation of the crowd of haplotypes in which the individual's haplotype is hidden. We demonstrate the usage of hiding in two different scenarios: Sharing of variant alleles on genes and sharing of GWAS variant alleles. We evaluate hiding framework by testing reidentification of hidden individuals using numerous measures of individual reidentification. In these settings, we discuss how effective hiding can be accomplished when the adversary does not have access to auxiliary identifying information. Compared to the existing approaches for protecting privacy, which require substantial changes in the computational infrastructure, e.g., homomorphic encryption, hiding-based framework does not incur any changes to the infrastructure. However, the processing must be performed for every sample in the crowd and therefore data processing cost will increase as the crowd size increases.

show abstract

“…Genetic counselling has also been provided for families at risk of having a child with CF . Overall, Arab countries appear to be entering a genomic revolution that started with the Saudi genome project, followed by the Qatar genome project and recently continuing with the 1000 Genomes Emirati project . This trend is expected to provide an accurate estimation of CF carrier frequency, improve disease prognosis and provide genetic counselling services for affected families as well as appropriate treatment at the right time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of mutations of cystic fibrosis in the 22 Arab countries: A systematic review

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, with various clinical manifestations that affect pulmonary, digestive, exocrine and male reproductive functions as well as the bones and kidneys. This study aimed to reveal the spectrum of CFTR gene mutations in Arab CF patients and their corresponding clinical phenotypes among the 22 Arab countries. We searched four literature databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scopus) from their times of inception to January 2018. All possible search terms were used to encompass the different clinical phenotypes, disease incidences, CFTR mutations, ages and consanguinity rates of CF patients in the 22 Arab countries. Our search strategy identified 678 articles; of these, 72 were eligible for this systematic review. We retrieved data from 18 Arab countries; only 1766 Arab patients with CF were identified, even after additional searches using Google and Google Scholar. The search uncovered a wide spectrum of mutations, some of which are shared with other ethnic groups and some unique to Arab patients. Although the clinical phenotypes of Arab patients were typical of CF, several distinct phenotypes were reported. Despite the rarity of genetic epidemiological studies of CF patients among the 22 Arab nations, the disease is frequently reported in Arab countries where consanguineous marriage is common. Therefore, significant attention should be paid to this problem by implementing carrier and premarital screening, newborn screening and genetic counselling.

show abstract

A 1000 Arab genome project to study the Emirati population

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

The FTO genetic variants are associated with dietary intake and body mass index amongst Emirati population

The FTO genetic variants are associated with dietary intake and body mass index amongst Emirati population

HaploHide: A Data Hiding Framework for Privacy Enhanced Sharing of Personal Genetic Data

Spectrum of mutations of cystic fibrosis in the 22 Arab countries: A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About