A 10-year experience using combined lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents

Araujo, María Beatriz; Pacce, María Sol

doi:10.1515/jpem-2016-0117

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For children who fail to achieve LDL cholesterol targets, the addition of ezetimibe or a bile acid sequestrant may be considered (25,31). Ezetimibe is a selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor that reduces LDL cholesterol levels by up to 20% when used as monotherapy or in combination with a statin (93,94). Ezetimibe is approved for use from the age of 10 years in the USA and Europe and appears to be safe and well-tolerated.…”

Section: Diet and Lifestyle Measures Current Knowledge And Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Knowns and unknowns in the care of pediatric familial hypercholesterolemia

Martin

Gidding

Wiegman

et al. 2017

Journal of Lipid Research

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic disorder that causes elevated LDL cholesterol levels from birth. Untreated FH accelerates atherosclerosis and predisposes individuals to premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in adulthood. Mendelian randomization studies have demonstrated that LDL cholesterol has both a causal and cumulative effect on the risk of CAD. This supports clinical recommendations that children with FH commence pharmacological treatment from the age of 8 to 10 years, to reduce the burden of hypercholesterolemia. Worldwide, the majority of children with FH remain undiagnosed. Recent evidence suggests that the frequency of FH is at least 1 in 250 and this constitutes a public health issue. We review and identify the knowns and unknowns concerning the detection and management of pediatric FH that impact on the developing model of care for this condition.

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Section: Diet and Lifestyle Measures Current Knowledge And Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Knowns and unknowns in the care of pediatric familial hypercholesterolemia

Martin

Gidding

Wiegman

et al. 2017

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…HMGCR is a well-known target in cholesterol metabolism, which reduces cholesterol synthesis and thus treats [ 23 ]. Recent studies proved that HMCGR inhibitor statins can potentially treat [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIAH1 ubiquitination-modified HMGCR inhibits lung cancer progression and promotes drug sensitivity through cholesterol synthesis

Yuan

Cheng

et al. 2023

Cancer Cell Int

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Backgrounds Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Deep understanding of chemoresistance will lead to remarkable progress in lung cancer treatment strategy. Cholesterol accumulation was associated with cisplatin resistance in lung cancer treatment. And we found the degree of cisplatin resistance was correlated with the expression of the cholesterol synthesis HMGCR. Methods We analyzed a group of 42 lung cancer patients who received cisplatin treatment after lung resection surgery. The expression of HMGCR and its correlation with cholesterol in lung cancer cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and ELISA analyses. We focus on the function and mechanism of HMGCR in lung cancer and reveal that knockdown of HMGCR expression inhibits the proliferation, colony formation, and migration of lung cancer cell lines in vitro or in vivo and dramatically enhances the efficacy of cisplatin. Results Through mechanism studies, we illustrate that SIAH1, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, ubiquitination modifies HMGCR and inhibits efflux protein activity via regulating cholesterol synthesis. In vivo experiments showed that SIAH1 overexpression or using HMGCR knockdown retard tumor growth and enhanced the efficacy of cisplatin. In summary, HMGCR affects cholesterol metabolism by regulating key enzymes in cholesterol synthesis, thereby reducing drug sensitivity. Conclusion This study indicates that lung cancer patients with lower HMGCR levels may lead to a better prognosis and provide a potential treatment by SIAH1 overexpression for lung cancer patients with cisplatin resistance.

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“…129 [138][139][140] Ezetimibe inhibits the absorption of cholesterol at the jejunal enterocyte brush border and is effective at lowering LDL in both adults and children. 141,142 A small study in pediatric kidney transplant recipients using ezetimibe in combination therapy with statins showed a notable decrease in LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides with no change in calcineurin inhibitor trough levels or allograft function.…”

Section: Scope and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting cardiovascular health post‐transplant through early diagnosis and adequate management of hypertension and dyslipidemia

Charnaya

Seifert

2020

Pediatric Transplantation

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Despite correction of underlying solid organ failure by transplantation, pediatric transplant recipients still have increased mortality rates compared to the general pediatric population, in part due to increased cardiovascular risk. In particular, pediatric kidney and non‐kidney transplant recipients with chronic kidney disease have significant cardiovascular risk that worsens with declining kidney function. Biomarkers associated with future cardiovascular risk such as casual and ambulatory hypertension, dyslipidemia, vascular stiffness and calcification, and left ventricular hypertrophy can be detected throughout the post‐transplant period and in patients with stable kidney function. Among these, hypertension and dyslipidemia are two potentially modifiable cardiovascular risk factors that are highly prevalent in kidney and non‐kidney pediatric transplant recipients. Standardized approaches to appropriate BP measurement and lipid monitoring are needed to detect and address these risk factors in a timely fashion. To achieve sustained improvement in cardiovascular health, clinicians should partner with patients and their caregivers to address these and other risk factors with a combined approach that integrates pharmacologic with non‐pharmacologic approaches. This review outlines the scope and impact of hypertension and dyslipidemia in pediatric transplant recipients, with a particular focus on pediatric kidney transplantation given the high burden of chronic kidney disease‐associated cardiovascular risk. We also review the current published guidelines for monitoring and managing abnormalities in blood pressure and lipids, highlighting the important role of therapeutic lifestyle changes in concert with antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering medications.

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A 10-year experience using combined lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents

Abstract: Combined and sequential treatment starting at early ages was shown to be safe and effective over this follow-up period.

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Knowns and unknowns in the care of pediatric familial hypercholesterolemia

Knowns and unknowns in the care of pediatric familial hypercholesterolemia

SIAH1 ubiquitination-modified HMGCR inhibits lung cancer progression and promotes drug sensitivity through cholesterol synthesis

Promoting cardiovascular health post‐transplant through early diagnosis and adequate management of hypertension and dyslipidemia

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