A 1.5-Year Longitudinal Study of Social Activity in Patients With Schizophrenia

Abstract

Patients with schizophrenia exhibit impairments in their social activity, intelligence quotient (IQ), daily living skills, and social function. Social activity is a high-order outcome measure of their lives. Here we attempted to longitudinally evaluate the effects of IQ, daily living skills, social function, psychiatric symptoms, and medications on social activity in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of the current study is to identify the specific factor that affects longitudinal changes in social activity. Sixty-five patients with schizophrenia were assessed at two time points [time 2 (T2, follow-up) − time 1 (T1, baseline) = 1.71 ± 0.79 years]. Social activity, IQ, daily living skills, and social function were assessed using the Social Activity Assessment (SAA; h/week), short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III (WAIS-SF), University of California San Diego (UCSD) Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA), and Social Functioning Scale (SFS), respectively. IQ, daily living skills, social function, and social activity were significantly improved between T1 and T2 ( t = 2.0–4.4, p = 0.048–3.60 × 10 −5 ). IQ, daily living skills, and social function positively correlated with social activity (lowest p = 1.27 × 10 −5 ), and psychiatric symptoms negatively correlated with social activity over time (lowest p = 3.26 × 10 −9 ). The longitudinal change in social activity was independently and positively correlated with a change in social function ( beta = 0.35, p = 4.63 × 10 −3 ), particularly interpersonal communication ( beta = 0.35, p = 4.32 × 10 −3 ). The longitudinal changes in other factors did not directly affect the change in social activity ( p > 0.05). Based on these findings, social activity is more affected by social function than by other factors.

Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Verbal Fluency Task and Tower of London Task in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder

“…The duration of illness may also affect the results. A 1.5-year longitudinal study found that cognitive function, daily living skills, social function, and social activity were nominally improved over a 1.5-year follow-up period in SZ patients (28). The patients involved in the present study had an average illness duration of more than 24 months, and they all had cognitive impairment.…”

Transdiagnostic comparisons of intellectual abilities and work outcome in patients with mental disorders: multicentre study

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Neuroimaging studies within Cognitive Genetics Collaborative Research Organization aiming to replicate and extend works of ENIGMA

“…Studies on neurocognition have been performed to identify diseaseassociated changes in the cognitive and social functions of psychiatric patients using the database of neurocognitive batteries (Fujino et al, 2014(Fujino et al, , 2016Ohi et al, 2019;. A representative achievement is related to the works on cognitive decline of patients with schizophrenia.…”