A 1.5-pJ/bit, 9.04-Mbit/s Carrier-Width Demodulator for Data Transmission Over an Inductive Link Supporting Power and Data Transfer

Trigui, Aref; Ali, Mohamed; Ammari, Ahmed Chiheb; Savaria, Yvon

doi:10.1109/tcsii.2018.2864700

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This principle of preserving the energy in an LC tank at switching time; to achieve high data rates with efficient power transfer over a single inductive link; is the same as the one adopted by the suspended-carrier modulation [23] and COOK [24] for forward and backward data communication, respectively. The energy preserving phenomenon was also validated by simulation in our previous paper [10].…”

Section: B Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Compared to our previous works in [10], [18], [19], this paper presents the following contributions: (1) A generic CWM demodulator able to cover a wide range of carrier frequencies from 10 to 31 MHz; (2) A sensitivity analysis on the main block (PW-to-SP converter) of the proposed demodulator; (3) An improved QCWM demodulator circuit design; as well as (4) Chip fabrication and experimental validation of the generic-CWM and QCWM demodulators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The second challenge is to implement a small size and low power consumption IMD when establishing a robust high-speed communication link. The first challenge was addressed in our previous paper [10], and we proved using simulations that the bandwidth of our proposed CWM is independent of the quality factor of the primary and secondary coils Q 1 and Q 2 , respectively. Therefore, high Q factors associated with narrow bandwidth do not limit the CWM communication rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…At resonance, the voltage across the secondary coil v 2 and i 1 are in phase [25] and theoretically the waveform of v 2 should be similar to i 1 . However, the secondary capacitor and coil discharging and charging through the resistive load R eq , during the primary current interruption, may induce some unwanted transient responses in v 2 [10]. This phenomenon will be analyzed in-depth in a future work.…”

Section: B Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Efficient Generic Demodulator for High Data Transmission Rate Over an Inductive Link for Implantable Devices

et al. 2019

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In this paper, we present a new Carrier Width Modulation (CWM) scheme for simultaneous transfer of power and data over a single inductive link. An ultra-low power CWM demodulator is also proposed. Unlike conventional demodulators for a similar modulation scheme, the proposed CWM circuit allows higher-speed demodulation and simple implementation. It works well as a generic demodulator operating at a frequency range between 10 and 31 MHz. It also supports a wide range of data rates under any selected frequency from the operating range. A CWM-based scheme encoding two-bit-per-symbol, called Quad-level CWM (QCWM) is also proposed. The latter allows high data-rates-to-frequency ratios. Using a 0.13-µm CMOS process and 1.2 V power supply, both CWM and QCWM demodulators were implemented and fabricated. They respectively occupy die sizes of 2137 and 3256 µm 2 and dissipate, in worst conditions, 16.9 and 35.5 µW. Compared with state-of-the-art demodulators used for inductive forward data transmission, the proposed demodulators are distinctive given their low-energy efficiency and small silicon areas. INDEX TERMS Carrier width modulation, demodulator, downlink data transmission, inductive link.

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Section: B Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: B Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Efficient Generic Demodulator for High Data Transmission Rate Over an Inductive Link for Implantable Devices

et al. 2019

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“…Additionally, in ASK with pulse-width modulation (ASK-PWM) or with pulse-position modulation (ASK-PPM), data values can be stored in duration (rather than amplitude) [111]. This is considered to be the simplest and most energy-efficient modulation method.…”

Section: Data Transmission In Wpt-based Modulation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of near-field wireless communication and power transfer for biomedical implants

Abduljaleel,

Mutashar,

Gharghan

2024

ETJ

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 Review of wireless power transfer techniques and their classifications in biomedical applications.  Comparison of WPT methods for biomedical devices based on performance metrics.  Introduction to major near-field wireless power transfer topologies and related mathematical models.  Comparison of data transmission schemes in WPT-based modulation techniques.  Investigation of the main applications of biomedical devices, then discussion of the challenges and solutions.Bio-implanted medical devices with electronic components play a crucial role due to their effectiveness in monitoring and diagnosing diseases, enhancing patient comfort, and ensuring safety. Recently, significant efforts have been conducted to develop implantable and wireless telemetric biomedical systems. Topics such as appropriate near-field wireless communication design, power use, monitoring devices, high power transfer efficiency from external to internal parts (implanted), high communication rates, and the need for low energy consumption all significantly influence the advancement of implantable systems. In this survey, a comprehensive examination is undertaken on diverse subjects associated with near-field wireless power transfer (WPT)-based biomedical applications. The scope of this study encompasses various aspects, including WPT types, a comparative analysis of WPT types and techniques for medical devices, data transmission methods employing WPT-based modulation approaches, and the integration of WPT into biomedical implantable systems. Furthermore, the study investigates the extraction of research concerning WPT topologies and corresponding mathematical models, such as power transfer, transfer efficiency, mutual inductance, quality factor, and coupling coefficient, sourced from existing literature. The article also delves into the impact of the specific absorption rate on patient tissue. It sheds light on WPT's challenges in biomedical implants while offering potential solutions.

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An ultra‐low‐power CWM/SCM demodulator for inductive‐powered IMDs with the DRCF ratio of 50% and the powering index of 75%

Arand,

Abiri,

Salehi

2024

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryIn this paper, an ultra‐low‐power and area‐efficient demodulator circuit for wireless downlink SCM/CWM modulation schemes is proposed. The proposed demodulator offers high performances and allows simultaneous power and downlink data transmission over a single 13.56‐MHz inductive link. The proposed method requires only two carrier cycles per data bit period, and also, a power index of 75% is obtained. Although the proposed demodulator can be applicable to other wireless systems, here, it is intended for implantable medical devices. To prove the performance of the proposed demodulator circuit, it has been designed and post‐layout simulations are provided using a standard 65‐nm CMOS technology and occupies 27 × 32 μm2 of active area. Post‐layout simulation results indicate that with a 1‐V power supply, the proposed circuit achieves an ultra‐low‐power consumption of 8.51 μW at a data rate of 6.78 Mb/s corresponding to an energy efficiency of 1.25 pJ/bit.

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A 1.5-pJ/bit, 9.04-Mbit/s Carrier-Width Demodulator for Data Transmission Over an Inductive Link Supporting Power and Data Transfer

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Energy Efficient Generic Demodulator for High Data Transmission Rate Over an Inductive Link for Implantable Devices

Energy Efficient Generic Demodulator for High Data Transmission Rate Over an Inductive Link for Implantable Devices

Survey of near-field wireless communication and power transfer for biomedical implants

An ultra‐low‐power CWM/SCM demodulator for inductive‐powered IMDs with the DRCF ratio of 50% and the powering index of 75%

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