A 1.3 mW, 12-bit lock-in amplifier based readout circuit dedicated to photo-acoustic gas sensing

Badets, Franck; Coutard, Jean-Guillaume; Russo, Paola; Dina, E.; Glière, Alain; Nicoletti, S.

doi:10.1109/icsens.2016.7808928

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Meanwhile, a review of recent integrated proposals for impedance devices shows that most of the LPFs employed with sub-Hz cutoff frequencies are designed as external passive RC filters [12,28]. As for fully integrated solutions, [29] presents the low pass filter embedded, but it is a second-order RC filter with a fixed 300 Hz cutoff frequency, dominating the 3.6 mm 2 active area consumption of the proposal.…”

Section: Signal Frequency Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

1.0 V-0.18 µm CMOS Tunable Low Pass Filters with 73 dB DR for On-Chip Sensing Acquisition Systems

2021

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This paper presents a new approach based on the use of a Current Steering (CS) technique for the design of fully integrated Gm–C Low Pass Filters (LPF) with sub-Hz to kHz tunable cut-off frequencies and an enhanced power-area-dynamic range trade-off. The proposed approach has been experimentally validated by two different first-order single-ended LPFs designed in a 0.18 µm CMOS technology powered by a 1.0 V single supply: a folded-OTA based LPF and a mirrored-OTA based LPF. The first one exhibits a constant power consumption of 180 nW at 100 nA bias current with an active area of 0.00135 mm2 and a tunable cutoff frequency that spans over 4 orders of magnitude (~100 mHz–152 Hz @ CL = 50 pF) preserving dynamic figures greater than 78 dB. The second one exhibits a power consumption of 1.75 µW at 500 nA with an active area of 0.0137 mm2 and a tunable cutoff frequency that spans over 5 orders of magnitude (~80 mHz–~1.2 kHz @ CL = 50 pF) preserving a dynamic range greater than 73 dB. Compared with previously reported filters, this proposal is a competitive solution while satisfying the low-voltage low-power on-chip constraints, becoming a preferable choice for general-purpose reconfigurable front-end sensor interfaces.

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Section: Signal Frequency Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

1.0 V-0.18 µm CMOS Tunable Low Pass Filters with 73 dB DR for On-Chip Sensing Acquisition Systems

2021

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“…1b) of very small signals even in noisy environments. This makes it an interesting technique for a wide variety of non-organic markers (gas detection) [5,7] and biomarkers (proteins, cells, DNA, etc.) [4,8,9] The complexity of designing a fully integrated Low Pass Filter with such a wide frequency range -from sub-Hz to tens of kHz-preserving high performance and low-voltage lowpower (LVLP) operation, has led to typically implement these LPFs as external passive RC elements, hindering the achievement of SoC miniaturized solutions, or to design an integrated LPF with fixed fc for each application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 1.8 V Gm-C Highly Tunable Low Pass Filter for Sensing Applications

Pérez-Bailón

Calvo

Medrano

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

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This paper presents a fully integrated, first-order Low Pass Filter with 2-tuning points giving a wide versatility to the filter. It allows for a fine/thick tuning with a cutoff frequency that spans over several orders of magnitude, from 220 mHz to 39.1 kHz. The Gm-C filter proposed is designed in a 180 nm CMOS technology with a total power consumption of 1.08 µW for a 1.8 V power supply and a dynamic range up to 73 dB. The proposed filter is a very competitive solution compared with previously reported works, meeting the requirements for portable on chip sensor interfaces based on impedance spectroscopy and biosignal front-end interfaces.

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“…Accordingly, in recent years, there has been significant research efforts towards the development of such LPFs, boosted mainly because of their application in biomedical systems [1,2,3,4], where it is necessary to low pass filter the signal over the frequencies of interest—typically in the 100 mHz to 1 kHz range—to remove noise before digitizing it for further processing. These LPFs are also widely used as DC (Direct Current) magnitude extractors; in this case, they are typically placed in the last stage of the sensor readout chain and require sub-Hz cutoff frequencies, such as in lock-in amplifiers (LIA), an extremely versatile instrument mostly used as a precision AC (Alternating Current) voltage and AC phase meter, or equivalently, as an impedance spectroscope [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13], an application field that is the motivation of this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different integrated LIAs have been recently proposed for smart instrumentation applications [13,19,20,21] to exploit the advantages that render CMOS compatibility in terms of miniaturization. However, these LIAs maintain the LPF external use of off-chip resistors and capacitors [19,20,21] or, for fully integrated LIA solutions [13], the active filter area is rather large (it is the dominant element of the 3.6 mm 2 area of the implemented chip) for frequencies ~300 Hz. In particular, a previous author’s proposal [21] achieves very competitive capabilities in terms of area, power, and signal recovery, but the LPF is also kept external.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS Low Pass Filter for SoC Lock-in-Based Measurement Devices

Pérez-Bailón

Calvo

Medrano

2019

Sensors

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This paper presents a fully integrated Gm–C low pass filter (LPF) based on a current steering Gm reduction-tuning technique, specifically designed to operate as the output stage of a SoC lock-in amplifier. To validate this proposal, a first-order and a second-order single-ended topology were integrated into a 1.8 V to 0.18 µm CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) process, showing experimentally a tuneable cutoff frequency that spanned five orders of magnitude, from tens of mHz to kHz, with a constant current consumption (below 3 µA/pole), compact size (<0.0140 mm2/pole), and a dynamic range better than 70 dB. Compared to state-of-the-art solutions, the proposed approach exhibited very competitive performances while simultaneously fully satisfying the demanding requirements of on-chip portable measurement systems in terms of highly efficient area and power. This is of special relevance, taking into account the current trend towards multichannel instruments to process sensor arrays, as the total area and power consumption will be proportional to the number of channels.

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A 1.3 mW, 12-bit lock-in amplifier based readout circuit dedicated to photo-acoustic gas sensing

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

1.0 V-0.18 µm CMOS Tunable Low Pass Filters with 73 dB DR for On-Chip Sensing Acquisition Systems

1.0 V-0.18 µm CMOS Tunable Low Pass Filters with 73 dB DR for On-Chip Sensing Acquisition Systems

A 1.8 V Gm-C Highly Tunable Low Pass Filter for Sensing Applications

A CMOS Low Pass Filter for SoC Lock-in-Based Measurement Devices

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