A 1.2-V 8.3-nJ CMOS Humidity Sensor for RFID Applications

Tan, Zhichao; Daamen, R.; Humbert, A.; Ponomarev, Y.V.; Chae, Youngcheol; Pertijs, Michiel A. P.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2013.2275661

Cited by 118 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…An energy-and area-efficient high resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is especially critical for a battery-operated integrated sensor SoC. Sensor applications often involve narrow-band signals with frequencies from DC [1]- [3] up to several hundred Hz [4]- [9], and the ADC should achieve high accuracy even in the presence of DC offset voltage and flicker noise. In addition, often the integrated ADC must be multiplexed among many channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Micro-Power Two-Step Incremental Analog-to-Digital Converter

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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Integrated sensor interface circuits require energy-efficient high-resolution data converters. This paper proposes a twostep incremental A/D converter (IADC) which extends the performance of an th-order IADC close to that of a th-order IADC. The implemented device uses the circuitry of a second-order IADC (IADC2) to achieve close to third-order SNR performance. The proposed circuit does not require very high opamp DC gain; the gain can be as low as 60 dB for 100 dB SNR data conversion. The implemented IADC achieves a measured dynamic range of 99.8 dB, and an SNDR of 91 dB for a maximum input 2.2 V and a bandwidth of 250 Hz. Fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, the IADC's core area is 0.2 mm 2 , and it consumes only 10.7 µW. The measured FoMs are 0.76 pJ/conversion and 173.5 dB, both among the best reported results for IADCs. The measured results verify that the proposed two-step IADC is a more energy-efficient data conversion scheme than conventional high-order IADCs.Index Terms-Analog-to-digital converter (ADC), chopper stabilization, decimation filter, delta sigma ( ), extended-counting, flicker noise elimination, incremental data converters, low power, measurement and instrumentation, multi-stage noise shaping (MASH), multi-step, sensor interface, time-domain signal processing, two step.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incremental analog-to-digital converters (IADCs) are often the best choice in low-frequency high-resolution sensor interfaces [1], [3], [6]- [8] . Their advantages [6], [7], [12] include simpler decimation filtering, easy multiplexing, and low latency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Micro-Power Two-Step Incremental Analog-to-Digital Converter

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…These properties allow the use of the RFID tag as a batteryless sensor for a long-range wireless temperature monitoring. In [49], a capacitance humidity sensor with a co-integrated energy efficient Capacitance-to-Digital Converter (CDC) which is implemented on a 0. 16 CMOS technology is presented.…”

Section: B Environment Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

RFID Tag as a Sensor - A Review on the Innovative Designs and Applications

Meng

2016

Measurement Science Review

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The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has gained interests in both academia and industry since its invention. In addition to the applications in access control and supply chain, RFID is also a cost-efficient solution for Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) and pervasive monitoring. The battery free RFID tags are used as independent electromagnetic sensors or energy harvesting and data transmission interface of sensor modules for different measurement purposes. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the innovative designs and applications of RFID sensor technology with new insights, identify the technical challenges, and outline the future perspectives. With a brief introduction to the fundamentals of RFID measurement, the enabling technologies and recent technical progress are illustrated, followed by an extensive discussion of the novel designs and applications. Then, based on an in-depth analysis, the potential constraints are identified and the envisaged future directions are suggested, including printable/wearable RFID, System-on-Chip (SoC), ultra-low power, etc. The comprehensive discussion of RFID sensor technology will be inspirational and useful for academic and industrial communities in investigating, developing, and applying RFID for various measurement applications.

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“…Capacitive sensors are well suited to these systems because they do not consume static power. They are widely used in diverse applications to measure environmental signals, such as pressure [2], displacement [3], humidity [4], and acceleration [5]. However, their interfacing circuits can easily dominate system power, which can be as low as few nanowatts [6], and hence energy-efficient capacitance-to-digital converters (CDCs) are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, CDC researchers aim at obtaining high resolution with low power consumption. CDCs can be categorized by their conversion schemes including successive approximation [7,8], delta-sigma modulation [3,4,9], and period modulation [2,[10][11][12][13]. uses a correlated double sampling front-end [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Efficient CDCs for Millimeter Sensor Nodes

Jung

et al. 2016

Efficient Sensor Interfaces, Advanced Amplifiers and Low Power RF Systems

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Multiple energy-efficient CDCs are proposed for millimeter sensor nodes. Compared to the state-of-the-art, these CDCs achieves excellent energy efficiency, high SNR, and wide input range with a variety of techniques. These include correlated double sampling in front of a SAR ADC, incremental delta-sigma conversion with a zoom-in SAR converter, energy-efficient dual-slope conversion, and fully-digital iterative delay-chain discharge conversion.

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A 1.2-V 8.3-nJ CMOS Humidity Sensor for RFID Applications

Cited by 118 publications

References 19 publications

A Micro-Power Two-Step Incremental Analog-to-Digital Converter

A Micro-Power Two-Step Incremental Analog-to-Digital Converter

RFID Tag as a Sensor - A Review on the Innovative Designs and Applications

Energy-Efficient CDCs for Millimeter Sensor Nodes

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