A 0.5-V 1.6-mW 2.4-GHz Fractional-N All-Digital PLL for Bluetooth LE With PVT-Insensitive TDC Using Switched-Capacitor Doubler in 28-nm CMOS

Pourmousavian, Naser; Kuo, F. S.; Siriburanon, Teerachot; Babaie, Masoud; Staszewski, Robert Bogdan

doi:10.1109/jssc.2018.2843337

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In [17], a 0.18-V supply goes to an on-chip PMU that then powers the RX front end and baseband circuitry and provides overall biasing at higher voltage levels. Reference [18] demonstrates a 0.5-V ADPLL with a DCO operating directly at 0.5 V. However, its TDC is supplied at 1 V by an internal doubler. An ADPLL in [19] runs its DCO at 0.23 V and a doubler at 0.35 V to power the voltage-sensitive TDC.…”

Section: Circuit Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Type-II Phase-Tracking Receiver

Chen

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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We present a new analog-to-digital converter (ADC)-based architecture of a phase-tracking receiver (PT-RX) optimized for ultra-low-power (ULP) and ultra-low-voltage (ULV) operations for the Internet of Things (IoT). The RX employs a type-II loop configuration that offers improved stability compared with the previous type-I PT-RX solutions. In addition, the type-II loop is also very tolerant of long run-lengths of consecutive "1" or "0" symbol sequences. Fabricated in 28-nm CMOS, the prototype PT-RX targets Bluetooth low energy (BLE) standard consuming only 1.5 mW at a supply of ≤0.7 V. It maintains an adjacent-channel rejection (ACR) of ≥−11/3.5/17/27 dB at 0/±1/±2/±3 MHz offset and can tolerate out-of-band (OOB) blockers of minimum −21 dBm across 1.0-3.5 GHz while also offering a best-in-class figure of merit (FoM) of 181 dB, with a 1-Mb/s BLE sensitivity of −93 dBm. Index Terms-Bluetooth low energy (BLE), digitally controlled oscillator (DCO)-based receivers (RXs), discrete-time (DT) filter, Internet-of-Things (IoT), phase-tracking RXs (PT-RXs), successive-approximation-register (SAR)-analog-to-digital converter (ADC), ultra-low power (ULP), ultra-low voltage (ULV). I. INTRODUCTION T HE massive deployment of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications calls for ultra-low-power (ULP) and ultralow-voltage (ULV) design techniques for system-on-chip (SoC) devices realized in nanoscale CMOS [1]-[4]. The RF receiver (RX) is a key IoT subsystem that takes a significant portion of the IoT's total power budget. In the industry, commercial RXs using Cartesian [i.e., in-phase/quadrature (I/Q)] topology [5], [6] aimed at Bluetooth low energy (BLE), a dominant standard in IoT devices, consume 5-10 mW. A more recent industry work [1], a superheterodyne discrete-time (DT) Cartesian RX, achieves the lowest power of 2.75 mW with a sensitivity of −95 dBm. However, it becomes more and more challenging to further reduce the power allocation for the RX,

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Section: Circuit Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Type-II Phase-Tracking Receiver

Chen

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…A 300 µW, 1.5 V sensor can work for up to 6 months with a simple 1000 mAh coin cell battery that is 24.5 mm in width and 7.7 mm in height and weighs 10 gram. With on-chip Bluetooth systems going toward µW [111], [112], a system can be implemented on-chip using small CMOS technology and be powered up with batteries, lasting days. However, conventional methods of using batteries cannot provide the robust reliability and flexibility needed in some wearable devices.…”

Section: A Powering the Wearablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearables for the Next Pandemic

Hedayatipour

McFarlane

2020

IEEE Access

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This paper reviews the current state of the art in wearable sensors, including current challenges, that can alleviate the loads on hospitals and medical centers. During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020, healthcare systems were overwhelmed by people with mild to severe symptoms needing care. A careful study of pandemics and their symptoms in the past 100 years reveals common traits that should be monitored for managing the health and economic costs. Cheap, low power, and portable multi-modalsensors that detect the common symptoms can be stockpiled and ready for the next pandemic. These sensors include temperature sensors for fever monitoring, pulse oximetry sensors for blood oxygen levels, impedance sensors for thoracic impedance, and other state sensors that can be integrated into a single system and connected to a smartphone or data center. Both research and commercial medically approved devices are reviewed with an emphasis on the electronics required to realize the sensing. The performance characteristics, such as accuracy, power, resolution, and size of each sensor modality are critically examined. A discussion of the characteristics, research challenges, and features of an ideal integrated wearable system is also presented.

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“…Naser Pourmousavian et al proposed a very low voltage utilization fractional-N ADPLL [38]. The ADPLL undergoes a two-point modulation.…”

Section: Adpll For Iot and Ble Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of ADPLL applications in various fields

Rai¹,

Marimuthu²

2020

IJEECS

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<span>ADPLL is now an essential component in applications like wireless sensor networks, Internet of things, health care applications, agricultural applications, etc, and also due the requirement of digital implementation by the industries. ADPLL consists of a phase detector, loop filter and digital controlled oscillator. The conventional PLL and digital PLL used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery circuit and synchronization give imprecise performance with respect to reliability, speed, power consumption, noise, locking speed, cost, etc. ADPLL overcomes the drawbacks of conventional PLL and digital PLL. In this paper, different approaches followed in All Digital Phase Locked Loop (ADPLL) for various applications are reviewed and their performance is compared based on components, modulation functions, frequency range, power utilization etc. In addition, an ADPLL with wide tuning range and frequency resolution is designed and implemented using automatic placement and routing, time to digital converter, digital loop filter and ring based oscillator. The ADPLL outputs and the results are analyzed with micro wind tool. The design gives a frequency range from 1.0-5.5GHz with low power consumption and it can also be used for Clock generation applications. </span>

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A 0.5-V 1.6-mW 2.4-GHz Fractional-N All-Digital PLL for Bluetooth LE With PVT-Insensitive TDC Using Switched-Capacitor Doubler in 28-nm CMOS

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

A Type-II Phase-Tracking Receiver

A Type-II Phase-Tracking Receiver

Wearables for the Next Pandemic

An analysis of ADPLL applications in various fields

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