“…3 Furthermore, the characteristics of gain control linearity, bandwidth, and attenuation precision are very important if the VGA is used for ultrawideband phased array systems. 4 For these performance characteristics of VGA, linear-in-dB gain control characteristics can provide continuous gain tuning, which has a great influence on the bandwidth and the attenuation precision. 5 In recent years, many efforts have been made in the design optimization of VGAs.…”