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Su-yun, Dong; Shen, Han‐Ming; Ong, Choon‐Nam

doi:10.1023/a:1017970030131

Cited by 50 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The same stock solution was used for all experiments in the present project. It was established that significant amounts of apoptotic cells were observed in zebrafish embryos after exposure to 100 µM Cd from 5 to 28 hpf [19], which was commensurate with other tissue-culture studies using micromolar Cd concentrations [20][21][22][23][24]. Chan and Cheng [19] also found 0.67% of apoptotic cells by flow cytometry assay for embryos which were exposed to 1 µM Cd for 24 h. With reference to these results and to the literature, they concluded that ectopic induction of apoptosis only occurred for Cd exposures with higher concentrations [19].…”

Section: Cadmium Exposuresupporting

confidence: 80%

The multiple stressor effect in zebrafish embryos from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation and cadmium

Choi

Lam

et al. 2013

J. Radiol. Prot.

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Living organisms are exposed to a mixture of environmental stressors, and the resultant effects are referred to as multiple stressor effects. In the present work, we studied the multiple stressor effect in embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation (alpha particles) and cadmium through quantification of apoptotic signals at 24 h postfertilisation (hpf) revealed by vital dye acridine orange staining. For each set of experiments, 32-40 dechorionated embryos were deployed, which were divided into four groups each having 8-10 embryos. The four groups of embryos were referred to as (1) the control group (C), which received no further treatments after dechorionation; (2) the Cd-dosed and irradiated group (CdIr), which was exposed to 100 μM Cd from 5 to 24 hpf, and also received about 4.4 mGy from alpha particles at 5 hpf; (3) the irradiated group (Ir), which received about 4.4 mGy from alpha particles at 5 hpf; and (4) the Cd-dosed group (Cd), which was exposed to 100 μM Cd from 5 to 24 hpf. In general, the CdIr, Ir and Cd groups had more apoptotic signals than the C group. Within the 12 sets of experimental results, two showed significant synergistic effects, one showed a weakly synergistic effect and nine showed additive effects. The multiple stressor effect of 100 μM Cd with ~4.4 mGy alpha-particle radiation resulted in an additive or synergistic effect, but no antagonistic effect. The failure to identify significant synergistic effects for some sets of data, and thus their subsequent classification as additive effects, might be a result of the relatively small magnitude of the synergistic effects. The results showed that the radiation risk could be perturbed by another environmental stressor such as a heavy metal, and as such a realistic human radiation risk assessment should in general take into account the multiple stressor effects.

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Section: Cadmium Exposuresupporting

confidence: 80%

The multiple stressor effect in zebrafish embryos from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation and cadmium

Choi

Lam

et al. 2013

J. Radiol. Prot.

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“…Several in vivo studies demonstrated that adult exposure to a wide range of Cd doses is able to cause significant weight decrease or atrophy of the thymus in mice (Borgman et al , 1986; Mackova et al , 1996a; Liu et al , 1999b). In addition, in vitro studies have demonstrated that exposure to Cd results in apoptosis and phenotypic changes in thymocytes from adult mice (Dong et al , 2001; Pathak and Khandelwal, 2008). The present analysis of offspring thymocyte phenotype following prenatal Cd exposure demonstrates no significant changes in the DN population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following Cd-treatment, damage occurs to the thymus as well as changes in the proliferation rate of thymocytes in adult rats (Morselt et al , 1988). In adult mice, Dong et al (2001) observed a decrease in DP cells. Pathak and Khandelwal (2008) also demonstrated that Cd exposure decreased the DP population and increased the number of DN cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prenatal cadmium exposure alters postnatal immune cell development and function

Hanson

Holásková

Elliott

et al. 2012

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Cadmium (Cd) is generally found in low concentrations in the environment due to its widespread and continual use, however, its concentration in some foods and cigarette smoke is high. Although evidence demonstrates that adult exposure to Cd causes changes in the immune system, there are limited reports of immunomodulatory effects of prenatal exposure to Cd. This study was designed to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to Cd on the immune system of the offspring. Pregnant C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to an environmentally relevant dose of CdCl2 (10 ppm) and the effects on the immune system of the offspring were assessed at two time points following birth (2 and 7 weeks of age). Thymocyte and splenocyte phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Prenatal Cd exposure did not affect thymocyte populations at 2 and 7 weeks of age. In the spleen, the only significant effect on phenotype was a decrease in the number of macrophages in male offspring at both time points. Analysis of cytokine production by stimulated splenocytes demonstrated that prenatal Cd exposure decreased IL-2 and IL-4 production by cells from female offspring at 2 weeks of age. At 7 weeks of age, splenocyte IL-2 production was decreased in Cd-exposed males while IFN-γ production was decreased from both male and female Cd-exposed offspring. The ability of the Cd-exposed offspring to respond to immunization with a S. pneumoniae vaccine expressing T-dependent and T-independent streptococcal antigens showed marked increases in the levels of both T-dependent and T-independent serum antibody levels compared to control animals. CD4+FoxP3+CD25+ (nTreg) cell percentages were increased in the spleen and thymus in all Cd-exposed offspring except in the female spleen where a decrease was seen. CD8+CD223+ T cells were markedly decreased in the spleens in all offspring at 7 weeks of age. These findings suggest that even very low levels of Cd exposure during gestation can result in long term detrimental effects on the immune system of the offspring and these effects are to some extent sex-specific.

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“…Additionally, cadmium interferes with cellular protein breakdown, which is demonstrated by an increase in the number of ubiquitinated proteins. As a result, cadmium disrupts many cellular functions, including the antioxidant response [94,95]. Besides, ROS production by lead has been identified as a key mechanism underpinning lead poisoning.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Crosstalk between Toxic and Essential Metals

Błażewicz

Grabrucker

2022

IJMS

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Since hundreds of years ago, metals have been recognized as impacting our body’s physiology. As a result, they have been studied as a potential cure for many ailments as well as a cause of acute or chronic poisoning. However, the link between aberrant metal levels and neuropsychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), is a relatively new finding, despite some evident ASD-related consequences of shortage or excess of specific metals. In this review, we will summarize past and current results explaining the pathomechanisms of toxic metals at the cellular and molecular levels that are still not fully understood. While toxic metals may interfere with dozens of physiological processes concurrently, we will focus on ASD-relevant activity such as inflammation/immune activation, mitochondrial malfunction, increased oxidative stress, impairment of axonal myelination, and synapse formation and function. In particular, we will highlight the competition with essential metals that may explain why both the presence of certain toxic metals and the absence of certain essential metals have emerged as risk factors for ASD. Although often investigated separately, through the agonistic and antagonistic effects of metals, a common metal imbalance may result in relation to ASD.

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Cited by 50 publications

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The multiple stressor effect in zebrafish embryos from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation and cadmium

The multiple stressor effect in zebrafish embryos from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation and cadmium

Prenatal cadmium exposure alters postnatal immune cell development and function

Metal Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Crosstalk between Toxic and Essential Metals

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