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Wolbrecht, Christina

doi:10.1023/a:1021872508054

Cited by 43 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Because of this dynamic, Republican elites’ decisions to distance the party from the women's rights movement may have created a party culture that helps to explain why Republican women's representation actually peaked in the late 1990s (Carroll and Sanbonmatsu ; Elder , ; Layman ; Leege et al. ; Wolbrecht , ).…”

Section: Literature Review and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Party elites are "knowledgeable and trustworthy" sources who are likely to be persuasive among their followers (Lupia and McCubbins 1998, 201). Because of this dynamic, Republican elites' decisions to distance the party from the women's rights movement may have created a party culture that helps to explain why Republican women's representation actually peaked in the late 1990s (Carroll and Sanbonmatsu 2013;Elder 2012Elder , 2014Layman 2001;Leege et al 2002;Wolbrecht 2000Wolbrecht , 2002.…”

Section: Demand For Female Candidates: Voter Stereotypes and Vote Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

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How to Elect More Women: Gender and Candidate Success in a Field Experiment

Karpowitz

Monson

Preece

2017

American J Political Sci

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Women are dramatically underrepresented in legislative bodies, and most scholars agree that the greatest limiting factor is the lack of female candidates (supply). However, voters’ subconscious biases (demand) may also play a role, particularly among conservatives. We designed an original field experiment to test whether messages from party leaders can affect women's electoral success. The experimental treatments involved messages from a state Republican Party chair to the leaders of 1,842 precinct‐level caucus meetings. We find that party leaders’ efforts to stoke both supply and demand (and especially both together) increase the number of women elected as delegates to the statewide nominating convention. We replicate this finding in a survey experiment with a national sample of validated Republican primary election voters (N = 2,897). Our results suggest that simple interventions from party leaders can affect the behavior of candidates and voters and ultimately lead to a substantial increase in women's descriptive representation.

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Section: Literature Review and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demand For Female Candidates: Voter Stereotypes and Vote Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

How to Elect More Women: Gender and Candidate Success in a Field Experiment

Karpowitz

Monson

Preece

2017

American J Political Sci

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“…A formula developed by Rapoport and Stone (1994) permits disaggregation of change in a population into three categories: conversion, replacement, and mobilization. It has been used in longitudinal studies of Iowa Caucuses (Rapoport and Stone 1994) and national convention delegates (Herrera 1995, Wolbrecht 2002and Layman et al 2010 Much as turnout varied from year to year in the Caucuses, change in the share of Democratic MCs supporting LGBT rights could stem from "mobilization" or addition of new members to the Democratic caucus in Congress (losses to Republicans would be considered demobilization) as well as conversion by incumbents and replacement of retiring MCs with new ones from the party who take new stands. Thus both the replacement and mobilization terms measure the effects of compositional change in the party caucus.…”

Section: How Did Party Positions Change? Evaluating the Roles Of Conv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does Party Position Change Happen? The Case of LGBT Rights in the U.S.

Karol

2023

Political Research Quarterly

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A partisan divide over LGBT rights has emerged in the U.S. Yet unlike other issues on which the parties have traded places or polarized, most of the change on gay rights has occurred within one party, the Democrats. How did this unusual change occur? LGBT rights was originally a fringe cause, rejected by most politicians in both parties. As gay rights activists slowly became more prominent in the Democratic Party, many politicians adapted, abandoning earlier positions informed by their personal backgrounds and state or district constituencies. Meanwhile, incorporating the religious right led most Republicans to maintain the anti-LGBT rights stand that was once common to both parties, even as public opinion shifted. The result was a partisan divide in this issue area that had consequences for policy. The role of adaptation by incumbents in producing it—contrary to some prominent models—is evident in both Congressional co-sponsorship and roll-call data. The growing party divide is also evident in platforms. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of how party position change occurs.

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“…Existing evidence suggests that women use (co)sponsorship as a means to promote women's issues in a way that is distinct from congressmen (Celis 2006;Franceschet and Piscopo 2008;Swers and Larson 2005;Volden, Wiseman, and Wittmer 2016). Congresswomen are more likely to (co)sponsor feminist legislation (Swers 2002;Wolbrecht 2002) and more likely to sponsor bills related to "women's issues" such as education, health care, and child care (Swers 2002(Swers , 2016Swers and Larson 2005). Angevine (2017) shows parallel patterns in foreign policy, where women are more likely to sponsor bills in which foreign women are the policy target.…”

Section: Bill Cosponsorshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Missing Fingerprints: U.S. Women Legislators and International Development Aid

et al. 2022

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There is optimism that the growing number of women in political office will reorient the focus of international politics toward more social and humanitarian issues. One basis for this optimism is the argument that women legislators hold distinct foreign policy preferences and act on them to affect changes in policy. However, we know little about gender differences in the behavior of individual legislators on these issues. This study investigates the behavior of individual legislators of the United States, one of the most important actors in international politics, in the context of development aid. Analyzing a diverse set of legislative behaviors in the U.S. Congress, we find no evidence that women legislators behave any differently than men with regard to these issues. Beyond its contribution to our understanding of the making and future of American foreign policy, this study contributes to broader debates about women’s representation and foreign policy.

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Untitled

Cited by 43 publications

References 34 publications

How to Elect More Women: Gender and Candidate Success in a Field Experiment

How to Elect More Women: Gender and Candidate Success in a Field Experiment

How Does Party Position Change Happen? The Case of LGBT Rights in the U.S.

The Missing Fingerprints: U.S. Women Legislators and International Development Aid

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