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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine on plasma oxidative stress in pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in mice. Mice received either 0.9% saline (control group), or pilocarpine (100 mg/kg every 20 minutes), or ketamine (10 mg/kg every 30 minutes), or ketamine that was administrated after status epilepticus (SE) at the same doses. Blood samples were collected for the determination of oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzymes. Data showed that pilocarpineinduced drastic oxidative stress characterized by high lipid oxidation (+202%, p<0.01), the increase of nitric oxide (+255%, p=0.01) and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities catalase (-36%, p<0.01), peroxidase (-170%, p<0.01) and superoxide dismutase (-35%, p=0.01). Significant reduction of the non-enzymatic antioxidant uric acid (+232%, p=0.03) was realized. Pilocarpine also increased glucose (+213%, p<0.01). Ketamine had the reverse effect and counteracted almost all pilocarpine-induced deleterious impacts around control levels. In conclusion, post-treatment with ketamine exerts a decrease in oxidative damage associated with a decrease in lipid peroxidation and an increase in antioxidant defenses of plasma in mice model of epilepsy.

Comparison of Ketamine to Haloperidol for Preventing Delirium in ICU Elderly Patients

“…Ketamine has been shown to possess antioxidant properties, effectively scavenging ROS and reducing oxidative stress. By reducing oxidative damage, ketamine might protect against neuronal injury and potentially mitigate delirium symptoms (62)(63)(64).…”