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Abstract

The objective of the present work was to examine the effects of different doses (0, 10, 20 and 40 g kg -1 fish diet mass) of kefir on growth performance and oxidant-antioxidant status in the blood and liver tissues of Coruh trout, Salmo coruhensis, in different periods (2 and 3 months). In this study, survival was more than 88.3%, and irrespective of dietary kefir levels at the end of the study. There were no significant differences in SGR (Specific growth rate), FCR (Feed conservation rate), CF (Condition factor) among fish fed diets with 0, 10, 20 and 40 g kg -1 kefir, however, these growth values were significantly different in terms of durations between 2-month and 3-month treatment (P<0.05). Our results indicated that TAS (Total Antioxidant Status) and TOS (Total Oxidant Status) in blood tissues reduced with kefir treatment at the end of third month (P<0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver decreased in all groups compared with control group and a considerable extent decrease was observed in 40 g doses of kefir treatment at the end of third month. The data obtained from this experiment indicated that the same dose of kefir was more effective at the end of 3-month treatment than 2-month treatment (P<0.001). Although there was no statistical difference among groups, an increase in the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity was observed in all groups compared to control groups. While catalase (CAT) activity decreased in all groups compared to control group at the end of second month (P<0.01), the decrease was insignificant level at the end of third month. In glutathione (GSH) levels, statistical differences were no observed in all groups compared to the control group with 2-month treatment while there were significant increases with 3-month treatment (P<0.001). It was concluded that kefir could play an antioxidant role and its effectiveness depended on dosage and time of application in Coruh trout, S. coruhensis.

The Effects of Kefir Usage for Probiotic Purpose on Growth Performance of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

“…As a result of the 90-day experiment period, the best weight gain and specific growth rate values in this study were found in the second group G2, which had a 20 ml/kg feed of kefir addition. Similarly, Can et al (2012a) added different doses of kefir (0, 10, 20 and 40 g/kg) into feed of the Coruh trout (Salmo coruhensis) for different periods (2 months and 3 months), and found that the highest increase in weight among the groups was in the group with 20 g/kg kefir addition by 43.51±1.08 g after 3 months. Another study added kefir into diets prepared for tilapia fish in different rates and with sodium alginate as a binding agent to feed the fish for 50 days, and observed that the growth performance of the fish increased (Van Doan et al, 2017).…”

“…However, there are a limited number of studies which focused on using kefir, which has probiotic properties, in aquaculture. The studies that were reviewed usually focused on the Coruh trout and the rainbow trout (Can et al, 2012a;Can et al, 2012b;Can et al, 2014;Ulukoy et al, 2015;Ulukoy et al, 2016;Gumus et al, 2017). In Turkey, commercial probiotic products are usually imported from abroad and this increases feed costs (Karademir et al, 2012).…”

The Effect of Incorporating Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale) to Cow Milk Kefir: An Analysis of Antioxidant and Microbiological and Physicochemical Characteristics

“…Kefir is a potential fermented dairy product because it contains antioxidant activities. Previous studies reported that some kefir products, such as water kefir (Alsayadi et al, 2013), whey kefir (Osuntoki and Korie, 2010), cow milk kefir and soy milk kefir (Can et al, 2012;Kesenkas, 2011;Sirirat and Jelena, 2010) contain antioxidant properties.…”

Effect of dietary kefir on the digestive and liver enzymes activities, and glucose level of Coruh trout, Salmo coruhensis (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae)

“…Probiotics are likely to enhance the health status of fish. Can et al (2012) reported that kefir plays an antioxidant role and its effectiveness depends on dosage and time of application in Coruh trout.…”

“…Information regarding the enzyme producing intestinal bacteria, their source and their effect on fish digestion and metabolism is limited. Can et al (2012) studied the effects of different dosage of kefir with different durations (2-month and 3-month treatment) on growth performances and antioxidant system of Coruh trout. In the wake of the above-mentioned studies, we examined the effects of dietary kefir with different concentrations on digestive and liver enzymes activities and glucose level of Coruh trout, which is a new species for aquaculture (Başçınar et al 2010).…”