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Abstract

The pallial organs of Haliotis asinina are composed of gills, osphradium, hypobranchial gland, kidney and heart. The bipectinate paired gills are on the left and right sides of the mantle cavity. The gill epithelium is composed of ciliated columnar cells and occasional mucous cells. The paired osphradia are long, slender and lie anteriorly on each side of the mantle near the gills. The ciliated sensory epithelial cells are very tall and closely packed. The paired hypobranchial glands are fused and lie along almost the entire length of the mantle. The left hypobranchial gland is more prominent than the right one. They are composed of mucous gland cells. The paired kidneys are at the postero-dorsal part of the mantle and lie anteriorly to the heart. The right kidney contains tubulo-asini with light squamous or cuboidal epithelial cells. The left kidney contains densely packed irregular cuboidal epithelial cells. The heart is at the posterior end of the mantle connecting to the gills and is composed of one ventricle and two auricles. The wall of the auricles contains strands of muscle and fibrous tissue whereas the ventricle has thick muscular walls.

Gastropod chemoreception behaviors—Mechanisms underlying the perception and location of targets and implications for shellfish fishery development in aquatic environments

“…The osphradium is another important chemoreceptor that sits in or near the mantle cavity of many gastropods (Lindberg and Sigwart, 2015). Chitramvong et al (2002) determined that the osphradium has two functions: chemoreception (participating in the locating of food or detecting of odor molecules) and tactile sensation (responsible for assessing the amount of sediment entering the mantle cavity or for regulating respiration by detecting changes in seawater pH). The osphradium of neogastropods is larger and its main role is olfactory perception (Lindberg and Ponder, 2001).…”

“…Lymnaea stagnalis Tentacles, lips and the anterior foot (Wyeth and Croll, 2011;Horvath et al, 2020) Haliotis asinina Osphradium (Chitramvong et al, 2002) Haliotis diversicolor Cephalic tentacles (Li et al, 2006) Babylonia aerolata Tentacles, osphradium, rhinophore (Gan, 2017) Aplysia californica Rhinophores and tentacles (Audesirk and Audesirk, 1977;Cummins et al, 2009a) Biomphalaria glabrata Tentacles (Yoshihito, 2009;Liang et al, 2016) Lobatus gigas Osphradium (Katie et al, 2019;Lv et al, 2019) Onchidoris muricata Rhinophores (Yoshihito, 2009;Lisova andVortsepneva, 2022) Yu et al 10.3389/fmars.2022.1042962 the ability of organisms to orient toward the perceived chemical molecules (Vickers, 2000;Weissburg, 2000).…”