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Voutsa, Dimitra; Manoli, E.; Samara, Constantini; Sofoniou, M.; Stratis, I.

doi:10.1023/a:1010315608905

Cited by 91 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similarly, in Bastia station (BA) high pollutants load were found after confluence of Sillaro (SIL), Idice (IDI) and artificial canals (Canale Navile and Savena Abbandonato) which cross the Bologna city and collect its municipal and industrial wastewater. The nutrients concentration were high with an average amount of 4 (data not shown, authors' communication). The percentage of dissolved oxygen decreases to 4% -5% so that the quality of water in Reno was compromised.…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The excess nutrients may lead to various problems including an increase of algal bloom, loss of oxygen, fish deaths and loss of biodiversity. Agricultural and urban activities are considered to be major sources of N and P in aquatic ecosystems [1][2][3][4], while metals are collected in rivers from a variety of sources, either natural or anthropogenic [5,6]. Pollutants may accumulate in microorganisms, aquatic flora and fauna and enter the human food chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Ferronato¹,

Modesto²,

Stefanini³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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The European Water Framework (WFD) establishes a framework for the protection and the monitoring condition of all natural superficial waters of the member States. The Italian Legislative Decree n. 156/2006 implements the WFD establishing a monitoring system which foresees a detailed detection of several physical, chemical and microbiological parameters in order to assess the qualitative status of the water body. This study reports the freshwater quality in the Reno river basin (North Italy) from 2003 to 2011. The Reno superficial water was classified as "good" in the mountain stations and at the closed basin while in all the other stations of the Po plain the quality was from "mediocre" to "poor". The decrease of water quality was due to the flowing of artificial canals that collect discharges the wastewater of sewage treatment plants, drainage and run-off from the urban, industrial and agricultural lands. In spring-summer 2011, characterized by severe drought, a study on the distribution of pollutants and nutrients in water of the Reno river and its tributaries highlight the impact of highway (Via Emilia) that closes the mountain basin of water courses. Along this street cities and industrial and craft have developed, increasing discharges of pollutants and nutrients in rivers. An increase of metals and nutrients was found from upstream to downstream, furthermore the concentration of the microbiological faecal indicators were two to three times higher than those determined in the water upstream of urban/industrial settlements. The thresholds of Italian Law for Hg and Pb were exceeding in all most rivers. The sediments analysis was also performed because they can be considered a sink and/or source for pollutants. In many monitoring sites the metals concentrations was higher than the thresholds of Italia Low (data not shown), but the availability of these metals was tested with mixtures of different strength extracting (EDTA, DTPA and water). The coefficient of partition solid/water (Kd) was calculated to evaluate the metals affinity to be in the aqueous phase and it increase as following Cr > Mn > Ni > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cd.

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Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Ferronato¹,

Modesto²,

Stefanini³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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“…However, as per the detected values, none of these water samples were found suitable for confectionery, rayon and pulp production where recommended limit of TDS is 50-100 mg L −1 [24] . According to Wilcox [25] and Richards [16] the water samples were 'good grade' and 'excellent' class based on electrical conductivity and SAR values.…”

Section: Quality Assessment As Irrigation Watermentioning

confidence: 89%

“…An infinitesimal proportion (0.007%) of all water on earth is readily available fresh water [4] . In this water, the concentrations of toxic chemicals and biologically available nutrients in excess can lead to diverse problems such as toxic algal blooms, loss of oxygen, fish kills, loss of biodiversity and loss of aquatic plant beds and coal reefs [24] . Normally occurring toxic elements in groundwater are B, Na, Cl and Li.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater for Irrigation, Drinking and Industrial Purposes

Hakim¹,

Juraimi²,

Begum³

et al. 2009

American J. of Environmental Sciences

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Problem statement:Groundwater is an important source of freshwater for agricultural, drinking and domestic uses in many regions of the world including Bangladesh. Demand of groundwater has been increasing day by day for irrigation by bringing more area under cultivation. As a drinking water the bottled water market currently has an average annual growth rate of 7.4% between 2002 and 2007, which is parallel to the growth of this industry all over the world. Obviously, the feed water should be free of particles and colloidal material and as low as possible in soluble organic matter. Series of water quality problems have been identified and addressed since the 1950s. These include point and non-point source pollutants such as nutrients, hydrocarbons, pesticides and heavy metals. In this regard, some studies to assessment the quality of water had been conducted in world wide. Where as, a Chiribandar a selected southern part of Bangladesh has great importance in agriculture and industrial perspective, no study has been done yet to asses the ground water quality for agricultural, drinking and industrial uses. Approach: A research was conducted to assess the degree of ionic toxicity of groundwater sources as irrigation, drinking and industrial purposes. Twenty eight groundwater samples were analyzed for different elements of dominant cations and anions such as Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, HCO 3 and other minor ions P, B, As, N0 3 -N, S0 4 -S and Cl. In addition, to classify water quality as excellent, good suitable, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) were calculated following standard equations. The quality of water is generally judged by its total salts concentrations, relative proportion of cations or Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) and the contents of HCO 3 . Results: According to the concentration of cation and anion constitutes of groundwater, water quality of study area were suitable for irrigation, drinking and industrial purposes. Except for a few cases there was neither chloride toxicity nor sulphate acidity in the area. The content for NO 3 − and P was negligible and water samples were 'good'to 'excellent' with respect to boron and SSP. Range of EC (361-802 µS cm −1 ) and that of SAR (0.23-0.54) indicated that all samples were in 'medium-salinity low-alkali' hazard class. In respect of TDS and RSC values, all samples were of fresh water and suitable class. Among SSP and SAR, TDS and EC were highly correlated. An Arsanic range was far below than recommended upper limit. Conclusion/Recommendations:In respect of all evaluating criteria, groundwater of all the 28 locations can be safely used for long-term irrigation and drinking purposes. All samples were found suitable for drinking and industrial purpose in consideration of Fe concentration. However, none of the water samples was suitable for industrial use, because of higher TDS and pH values exceeding recommendation.

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“…Reduction in DO along the river course (i.e., from clusters D to A) is also related to the flow condition in the river and seasonal effects [27,28]. The high influx of freshwater during the monsoon season may have led to marked dilution of the stream resulting in a significant increase in DO levels while the reverse occurred in the dry season [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Variations in Water Quality of the Chao Phraya River, Thailand, between 1991 and 2008

Avakul¹,

Jutagate²

2012

JWARP

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Spatio-temporal variations in the water quality of the Chao Phraya River, Thailand, were examined, on average-yearly basis, between 1999 and 2008, from 32 surface water stations from the river origin to the delta. Five water quality parameters viz., DO, BOD, TCB, FCB, NH3-N and water temperature were used in the analysis. Analysis was performed by using the Self Organizing Maps. Four distinct spatially approached clusters were classified, according to the similarity of water quality parameters, while temporal variations of most of the surface water stations were not obviously observed. The worst water quality condition was at the stations near the river delta and highly related to anthropogenic stresses. Result from the correspondence analysis showed that, except for the cluster of the worst water quality, the stations of the remaining three clusters were overlapped. There was no statistical difference in water temperature among clusters but the expected effects from climate change should be a precautionary focus since the will eventually affect the water quality.

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Cited by 91 publications

References 19 publications

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater for Irrigation, Drinking and Industrial Purposes

Spatio-Temporal Variations in Water Quality of the Chao Phraya River, Thailand, between 1991 and 2008

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