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Abstract

PrefaceIonic liquids have recently become very popular as potential solvents for industrial applications in paints, electrochemistry, chemical reactions, separation processes, and organic synthesis. This stems from their unique properties, for ionic materials, of low melting points at temperatures below 293 K, exist as liquids at temperature up to 500 K, stable at temperatures above 450 K, will flow at room temperature, conductivity, solubility or partial solubility in water and in organic liquids, low vapour pressure and non-flammable. Furthermore, ionic liquids can be composed from a large number of cations and anions, with an estimated number of possible ionic liquids on order 10 18 , makes this class of compounds one of the largest known in chemistry. Knowledge of the physical properties of ionic liquids and the phase behaviour with gases, liquids and solids is vital for evaluating and selecting ionic liquids for each application as well as for process design. Indeed, because each ionic liquid has its own unique properties, it should be possible to design, within reason, a compound to suite a particular application. However, in reality it is impossible to measure the properties of all ionic liquids and the properties are predicted from methods developed based on measurements for a few ionic liquids. This issue of the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is dedicated to Ionic Liquids, in particular the measurement and prediction of the physico-chemical properties of pure ionic liquids and their mixtures. This issue contains papers that provide the following: review developments in thermodynamics and thermophysics of non-aqueous mixtures containing ionic liquids; tailor-made ionic liquids; phase transition and decomposition temperatures, heat capacities and viscosities of pyridinium ionic liquids; the electrical conductivity of four imidazolium-based

Use of Ionic Liquids as Neoteric Solvents in the Synthesis of Fused Heterocycles

“…Numerous literature material is available, which shows the importance of ionic liquids, e.g., a number of excellent books and recent general reviews as well as those covering specific topics such as catalysis (including biocatalysts) in ionic liquids , synthesis of organometallic complexes in ionic liquids , biphasic systems and supported ionic liquids , solvent properties , ionic liquids with fluorine containing anions , analytical applications of ionic liquids , chiral ionic liquids , electrochemistry in ionic liquids , and physical properties of ionic liquids are available . In addition, a number of special issues have appeared covering a range of topics including ionic liquids as green solvents , physical and thermodynamic data and organometallic chemistry in ionic liquids . Syntheses of ionic liquids by using various methods have also been reported .…”

Essential oil terpenless by extraction using organic solvents or ionic liquids

“…As they are a new class of liquids entirely composed of ions, all the chemistry that is performed on the usual molecular solvents needs to be investigated on these compounds. They are good solvents for many different substances, both organic and inorganic; thus, they are being investigated as reaction media, [1][2][3][4][5][6]8 solvents for separation purposes, [9][10][11][12] electrolytes, 9,13,14 and thermal fluids. 2,8 RTILs' negligible vapor pressure favors their separation from most mixtures; thus, application as entrainers for azeotropic and extractive distillations or as solvents for liquid extraction are of highest interest.…”