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Brockman, Diane K.

doi:10.1023/a:1020500804442

Cited by 67 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This conclusion is in concordance with previous descriptions of the behavior in sifakas of this and other populations (Brockman 1999;Lewis and van Schaik 2007). In comparison to both non-natal subordinate and natal male-female dyads, female-dominant male dyads spent more time in close proximity during the RP and these bouts of proximity were both primarily initiated and maintained by the dominant male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…1). This definition takes into account maximum estrus (96 h) (Brockman 1999) and gut transit time (Shideler et al 1993;Wasser et al 1988). We used the fertile period to test for estrous synchrony within groups and within the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recorded male olfactory behavior including place-sniffing (male sniffs the substrate where a female was resting ≤5 min after the female left), overmarking a female scent-mark (sensu Lewis 2005), anogenital sniffing (male approaches female from behind, sniffs her anogenital region, and scent marks in her urine), and general scent-marking (sensu Lewis 2005). We also noted reproductive behavior (sensu Brockman 1999). Finally, we sampled (sensu Lewis 2005) intergroup encounters ad libitum.…”

Section: General Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Female dominance and female philopatry are the norm, although females have occasionally been observed to disperse (Jolly 1966;Kubzdela 1997;Richard 1987;Richard et al 1993Richard et al , 2002. Females become receptive once per year (Brockman 1994;Brockman and Whitten 1996) for a period of ≤96 h (Brockman 1999) during a short mating season from January until March. Although the number of reproducing females within a group is small (1-3 individuals; Kubzdela 1997;Lewis 2005;Richard et al 2002), dominant males do not exclude rival males from group membership, resulting in a tendency toward an even adult sex ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Brockman (1999) and Lewis and van Schaik (2007) described mateguarding in sifakas, here we attempt to quantify it for the first time. To determine whether dominant males use mate-guarding as a proximate mechanism to exclude rival males from reproduction, we tested the predictions that 1) females are receptive asynchronously within groups; 2) males increase their olfactory behavior when females are receptive; 3) dyads consisting of a female and the dominant male spend more time in proximity during the receptive period than in the mating season but there is no change in proximity between natal or non-natal subordinate males and females; 4) dominant males are responsible for both the initiation and maintenance of proximity with females; 5) in relation to the costs associated with mate-guarding, an increase in dominant male aggression rate toward rival males within the group occurs but not toward natal males, and a decrease in the total time dominant males spent feeding and their feeding bout lengths while females are receptive; and 6) if both males and females can enhance their mating opportunities through increased contact with neighboring groups, an increase in intergroup encounter rate when females are receptive occurs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mate-Guarding as a Male Reproductive Tactic in Propithecus verreauxi

2009

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Sexual selection theory predicts that in group-living mammals, male reproductive tactics can lead to high reproductive skew in favor of dominant individuals. In sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi), a group-living primate with extremely seasonal reproduction, male reproductive success is highly skewed because dominant males sire almost all offspring despite a tendency toward an even adult group sex ratio. To understand the underlying behavioral mechanism resulting in this rank-related reproductive skew in male sifakas, we studied mate-guarding as a potential reproductive tactic. Behavioral observations of dominant males and adult females in combination with hormonal determination of timing of female receptivity in 9 groups at Kirindy Forest revealed that dominant males spent more time in proximity to females when they were receptive and were responsible for the maintenance of this proximity. Results also indicated that monopolization of receptive females was facilitated by both estrous asynchrony within groups and by the ability of dominant males to obtain olfactory cues as to the timing of female receptivity. Although dominant males engaging in mate-guarding are expected to experience various costs, there was no evidence for decreased foraging behavior and only a trend toward increased aggression between dominant and subordinate nonnatal males within groups. Our results are in accordance with the hypothesis that dominant males use mate-guarding to monopolize receptive females and that it is one proximate mechanism that contributes to the high reproductive skew observed within the population of male sifakas at Kirindy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mate-Guarding as a Male Reproductive Tactic in Propithecus verreauxi

2009

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Sexual Coercion

Knott

2017

The International Encyclopedia of Primatology

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Sexual coercion is the use by a male of force, or threat of force, to secure a mating with a female, decreasing her chances of mating with other males and inflicting a cost on the female. It is a third type of sexual selection and falls under sexual conflict theory. Three forms of sexual coercion are recognized. Direct coercion includes forced copulation, harassment, and intimidation. Indirect coercion involves coercive mate guarding, herding, punishment, and sequestration. Infanticide is considered sexual coercion when it is committed by a male on a nursing infant, bringing the mother back into estrus sooner, and increasing the likelihood that the infanticidal male will father her next offspring. Sexual coercion is most prevalent in Old World monkeys and apes. It is commonly directed at estrous females, but non‐estrous females may receive conditioning aggression, increasing the probability that she will mate with the aggressor male in the future.

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Patterns of female dominance in Propithecus diadema edwardsi of Ranomafana national park, Madagascar

Pochron

Fitzgerald

Gilbert

et al. 2003

American J Primatol

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Many lemur species are characterized by some form of female dominance, ranging from female feeding priority to complete female dominance, although this is a rare trait in primates and other mammals. The status of the Milne-Edwards' sifaka (Propithecus diadema edwardsi), a diurnal lemur, is ambiguous. Some short-term studies have found little or no aggression. The aim of the current, long-term study was to quantify the intersexual-dominance patterns of this sifaka. The distribution, outcome, and context of aggressive interactions were studied in four groups of wild sifakas. The majority of intersexual aggressive interactions were decided, with the loser expressing submissive behavior. Intersexual aggressive interactions occurred in all social contexts, and within all social contexts the females won the vast majority (92.7-96.0%) of aggressive interactions. While aggression rates were low (0.22/hr), this evidence suggests female dominance. We propose that female dominance exists because it provides a fitness advantage to both males and females.

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Cited by 67 publications

References 32 publications

Mate-Guarding as a Male Reproductive Tactic in Propithecus verreauxi

Mate-Guarding as a Male Reproductive Tactic in Propithecus verreauxi

Sexual Coercion

Patterns of female dominance in Propithecus diadema edwardsi of Ranomafana national park, Madagascar

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