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Phenotypic effects of antibiotic-induced axenity and egg disinfection in early larval European seabass (Dicentrarchus labraxL.)

“…(2016). However, similar to the present study, in the study by Rekecki et al (2009), no significant Variation in hatching percentages and survival has been observed between groups of the same glutaraldehyde egg disinfection treatment for seabass (Da Silva, 2007) and gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (Escaffre et al, 2001), with the authors suggesting that the toxicity of glutaraldehyde might be lower in eggs with a better initial quality than in others. This egg quality affects larval performance in the early stages, including but not limited to the hatchability and survival, and has been known to be unpredictable.…”

“…Numerous reasons might explain not reporting the same beneficial result on hatchability in the current study. In general, the use of disinfectants such as glutaraldehyde has been shown to have varying results on hatching percentages, growth rates and the survival of fish larvae, depending on their type, concentration, duration of exposure, stage of egg development on which they are being applied, and the species (Ben-Atia et al, 2007;Douillet & Holt, 1994;Escaffre, Bazin & Bergot, 2001;Schaeck et al, 2016). The initial bacterial load could have been higher in the present experiment, with the disinfection not reducing it to a point where a difference in hatching percentages would be demonstrated.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, no severe abnormalities on fish larvae from the use of these agents in the concentrations and exposure times used in the present study have been documented. In Escaffre et al (2001), there was no significant difference in deformities upon hatching between gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. larvae originating from eggs nondisinfected and disinfected with glutaraldehyde, in the concentration and exposure time used here.…”

“…Many factors are playing a role (Brooks, Tyler, & Sumpter, 1997;Kamler, 1992;Rani, 2005), with effects that are nonstandardized and confounding. An example of such a factor is parental genetics, or the sensitivity of the eggs to disinfection according to changes in chorion thickness (Escaffre et al, 2001), induced, for example, by differences in the time of sampling in each spawning season, with eggs originating from the early spawning season of red sea bream Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel) found to be more sensitive to disinfection with povidone-iodide (Hirazawa, Hara, Okazaki, & Hata, 1999).…”

“…However, their combination might be strong enough to inhibit total length growth while the embryos are developing inside the eggs. Chemical uptake is known to occur in the fish egg oocyte (Brooks et al, 1997), and rifampicin and glutaraldehyde have been known to penetrate it prior to hatching (Brown, Albright, & Evelyn, 1990;Escaffre et al, 2001).…”