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Frey, Bernhard F.

doi:10.1023/a:1006139124110

Cited by 129 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…When they act as such, they are not purely self-interested, and can be regarded as irrational to some extent in the sense that they are now not only economic-driven but also partially other incentive-driven, e.g. morality-driven [31,32]. It has been argued that our moral sense has developed a sophisticated defense mechanism that enables individuals to survive and the groups they belong to thrive over millions of years of evolution, the morality-driven acts have their place in social activities [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic fair behaviors spark its boost in the Ultimatum game: the strength of good Samaritans

Zheng¹,

Zhang²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Complex.

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Behavioral experiments on the Ultimatum Game have shown that we human beings have a remarkable preference in fair play, contradicting the predictions by the game theory. Most of the existing models seeking for explanations, however, strictly follow the assumption of Homo economicus in orthodox Economics that people are self-interested and fully rational to maximize their earnings. Here we relax this assumption by allowing that people probabilistically choose to be "good Samaritans", acting as fair players from time to time. For well-mixed and homogeneously structured populations, we numerically show that as this probability increases the level of fairness undergoes from the low scenario abruptly to the full fairness state, where occasional fair behaviors (~ 5%) are sufficient to drive the whole population to behave in the half-half split manner. We also develop a mean-field theory, which correctly reproduces the first-order phase transition and points out that the bistability is an intrinsic property of this game and small fair acts lead to dramatical change due to its bifurcation structure. Heterogeneously structured populations, however, display continuous fairness transition; surprisingly, very few hub nodes acting as fair players are able to entrain the whole population to the full fairness state. Our results thus reveal the unexpected strength of "good Samaritans", which may constitute a new explanation for the emergence of fairness in our society.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic fair behaviors spark its boost in the Ultimatum game: the strength of good Samaritans

Zheng¹,

Zhang²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Complex.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These findings are subject to more than one interpretation on moral decision-making. On the one hand, the findings contradicted those of Frey (2000) and Barnett (2001), who found that temporal immediacy has little to no influence on an individual's moral judgement and intention when making a decision (Carlson et al, 2002). On the other, the findings are consistent with other studies associating temporal immediacy as a predictor of moral awareness (Chia and Mee, 2000;Kelley and Elm, 2003).…”

Section: Moral Intensity In Suspicious Activitymentioning

confidence: 75%

Anti-money laundering and moral intensity in suspicious activity reporting

Coombs-Goodfellow¹,

Lokanan

2018

JMLC

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the influence Jones’ Moral Intensity Model (1991) has on the decision-making process of anti-money laundering (AML) compliance officers charged with reporting suspicious money laundering transactions in Jersey. Design/methodology/approach Ten interviews were conducted to elicit participants’ views on the six dimensions of moral intensity and their influence on the compliance officers’ decision to submit a suspicious activity report (SAR) of potential money laundering. Findings The findings indicate that the officers’ moral intensity to submit a SAR seems to be heavily influenced by issue-specific contextual factors. Contexts (legal and legislative mandates) seem to have more of an effect on the moral intent and actions of the officers rather than directly affecting the decision to submit a report of a suspicious money laundering transaction. Research limitations/implications The paper lays the groundwork for further work in this area and calls on researchers to develop instruments that can enhance the measurements of the dimensions of moral intensity. Practical implications The setting (AML in the financial sector) is both timely and extremely interesting to keep studying, particularly in Jersey because of its dubious sensitive particularities. Originality/value The study is the first to examine Jersey AML sector through the lens of moral intensity. In this sense, the paper poses interesting questions, namely, to explore the dynamic complexities experienced by compliance officers in Jersey to detect and report suspicious money laundering activities and the decision-making criteria of actually submitting a SAR.

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“…The intensity requirements should take into account the sport, physical education, and humanistic values to reflect different teaching goals, rhythms, and styles. Even for the pursuit of health, it should go beyond its association with a specific intensity and be related to the multidimensional composition of health and the type of exercise [ 20 ].…”

Section: Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Questioning and Dialectical Relationship between the Pursuit of Intensity in School Physical Health Education

Yuan¹

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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In the rapid development of the country and schools, physical education and health programs have gradually become an essential part of schools in order to improve students’ core physical education skills and literacy, and have a very important role and impact on students’ physical and mental health development. The school P&H program not only conveys to teachers and students the knowledge and training skills to improve school sports and enhance physical fitness but also fully develops the awareness and ability of teachers and students to work hard and collaborate with each other. This paper examines and analyzes the problems and dilemmas associated with the pursuit of health and sport-specific intensity in school sports and combines theories of health and exercise, physical education, training, and moral education through literature review, logical analysis, and value analysis. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the different logics and orientations of specific sport intensity regulations, school sport health pursuits, and school sport teaching and to clarify and correct related issues, so as to provide theoretical and practical support for school sport to better implement the concept of “health first” and further promote school sport reform and sound development. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between exercise and health in physical education programs of teachers and schools from the perspective of natural dialectics and find out some outstanding problems that may exist in them, so as to effectively promote the development of students’ physical and mental health.

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Cited by 129 publications

References 28 publications

Probabilistic fair behaviors spark its boost in the Ultimatum game: the strength of good Samaritans

Probabilistic fair behaviors spark its boost in the Ultimatum game: the strength of good Samaritans

Anti-money laundering and moral intensity in suspicious activity reporting

Analysis of the Questioning and Dialectical Relationship between the Pursuit of Intensity in School Physical Health Education

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