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Kakde, Umesh B.; Kakde, Hemalata U.; Saoji, A. A.

doi:10.1023/a:1010849522964

Cited by 46 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Bacteria counts were influenced only by temperature, while aerosol fungi correlated to temperature and relative humidity. These results are in agreement with several studies that reported that the average concentration of airborne microorganisms varied with the presence of people (Van Houdt et al 2009), tourists (Wang et al 2010), indoor activities (Awad et al 2010), and domestic climatic factors temperature and relative humidity (Kakde et al 2001;Sen and Asan 2009;Zhao and Wu 2009;Basilico et al 2007). The airborne concentrations in the Chong Chom border market, Thailand, were significantly higher compared to those in other cities in the world reported (El-Morsy 2006;Van Houdt et al 2009;Aydogdu et al 2010;Liu et al 2010;Di Giulio et al 2010), reflecting the tropical condition, high relative humidity, and temperature year round.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The predominance of airborne fungi as Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium is in agreement with many studies reported that these genera were the dominant species in the working environments (Awad 2005;Dungan and Leytem 2009;El-Morsy 2006;Kakde et al 2001;Li and LaMondia 2010), home (Garrett et al 1997;Kasprzyk and Worek 2006;Nasir and Colbeck 2010), school (Aydogdu and Asan 2008) and hospital (Obbard and Fang 2003;Takeda et al 2009). In addition, a vast number of airborne fungi found in Chong Chom border market such as Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Penicillium have been identified in the medical literature as being implicated in allergic disease (Sen and Asan 2009) and induced acute intoxication and many adverse effects to human health as carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, hormonal, hemorrhagic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, dermatoxic, neurotoxic, antibiotic, hematological changes, releasers of interleukins, and lipid peroxidation (Anttila 2000;Cabral 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Many studies have shown that the concentration of fungal spores in indoor and outdoor air is strongly related to meteorological factors such as temperature, relative humidity, and duration of daylight, agents of air pollution (Kakde et al 2001;Sen and Asan 2009;Zhao and Wu 2009) and areas and seasons (Aríngoli et al 2008;Schlesinger et al 2006). These bioaerosols can also be widely distributed over hundreds of kilometers, even at intercontinental scales (Griffin et al 2007;Prospero et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airborne concentrations of bacteria and fungi in Thailand border market

Reanprayoon

Yoonaiwong

2011

Aerobiologia

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Thailand border market is where the local Thais, Cambodians, Laotians, and Burmeses exchange their goods and culture at the border checkpoints. It is considered to be the source of aerial disease transmission especially for foreigners because it is always very crowded with people from all walks of life. Unhealthy air quality makes this area high risk of spread of airborne diseases. This study assessed airborne concentrations of bacteria and fungi in a border market to improve exposure estimates and develop efficient control strategies to reduce health risk. The density and distribution of airborne bacteria and fungi were investigated in the Chong Chom border market in Surin Province, Thailand. Eighteen air sampling sites were taken from outdoors and various work environments including indoor footpaths, wooden handicraft shops, electronic shops, the secondhand clothing shops, and fruit market areas. Exposed Petri plate method and liquid impinger sampler were used for sampling at the breathing zone, 1.5 m above the floor level, during weekend and holiday. Meteorological factors such as relative humidity, temperature, and light intensity were collected by portable data logger. The relative humidity was 67-73%, and temperature 29-33°C, and light varied between 18 and 270 Lux m -2 . Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were found at a mean value of 10 4 CFU m -3 , and airborne fungi of 10 3 CFU m -3 were recorded. The highest concentration of culturable airborne microorganisms was found along the indoor footpath (9.62 9 10 4 CFU m -3 and 750.00 CFU/plate/h for impingement and sedimentation methods, respectively), the fruit market area (7.86 9 10 4 CFU m -3 and 592.42 CFU/plate/h for impingement and sedimentation methods, respectively), and the secondhand clothing shop (4.59 9 10 3 CFU m -3 and 335.42 CFU/plate/h for impingement and sedimentation methods, respectively) for Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, respectively. The lowest concentration of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi was found only at the outdoor area at 1.53 9 10 4 CFU m -3 , 0.93 9 10 4 CFU m -3 and 0.80 9 10 3 CFU m -3 by means of impingement method and 136.67 CFU/plate/h, 69.25 CFU/plate/h, and 62.00 CFU/plate/h by means of sedimentation methods for Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, respectively. The most frequently present airborne bacteria were identified as Bacillus, Corynebacteria, Diplococcus, Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Enterobacter, and spore former rods. Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Sporotrichum were the most frequently found aerosol fungi genera. The distribution of airborne microorganisms correlated with relative

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Airborne concentrations of bacteria and fungi in Thailand border market

Reanprayoon

Yoonaiwong

2011

Aerobiologia

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“…are not among the most commonly isolated fungi from outdoors environment with highest outdoor concentrations in spring and summer [13,15], whereas indoor concentration of these fungi was highest during winter and spring [13]. Other studies have failed to detect any mucorales by PCR from indoor and outdoor air samples [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12]. The seasonal variation of fungal propagules in a fruit market environment in Nagpur, India showed that Aspergillus was the most frequent and predominant genus detected, peaking in summer, followed by Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria peaking during December-January [13]. Fungi related to animals have also been studied.…”

Section: Outdoor Concentration and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis: A Review on Environmental Fungal Spores and Seasonal Variation of Human Disease

El-Herte¹,

Baban²,

Kanj³

2012

AID

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Mucormycosis is on the rise especially among patients with immunosuppressive conditions. There seems to be more cases seen at the end of summer and towards early autumn. Several studies have attempted to look at the seasonal variations of fungal pathogens in variou indoor and outdoor settings. Only two reports, both from the Middle East, have addressed the relationship of mucormycosis in human disease with climate conditions. In this paper we review, the relationship of indoor and outdoor fungal particulates to the weather conditions and the reported seasonal variation of human cases.

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