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Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major conditions that are prevalent in today's world, the significant causes being unhealthy food habits and lifestyle or abnormal genetic conditions. HMG CoA reductase is an important rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway that synthesizes cholesterol. Biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver can be reduced significantly by inhibiting HMG CoA reductase. Statins are the drugs used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Due to the undesirable effects caused by synthetic statins, there is a need for the development of natural HMG CoA reductase inhibitors that are of plant origin. This study aimed to investigate the antiinflammatory and HMG CoA reductase inhibitory effects of different hydro alcoholic plant extracts on the enzyme HMG CoA reductase activity obtained from Gallus gallus domesticus liver. Our study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa centifolia exhibited the maximum inhibition of the enzyme under analysis with a ratio of 1.4117 and hence was subjected to solvent-solvent partition for the partial isolation of the inhibitory compounds. The result of this study suggests that Rosa centifolia extract has potential antihypercholesterolemic activity. INTRODUCTION: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by elevated cholesterol levels in the blood of animals caused by various factors that are environmental or genetic 1. The optimum concentration of serum cholesterol is less than 200 mg/dL in humans. Serum cholesterol levels greater than the optimum leads to hypercholesterolemia and in turn causes heart associated diseases 2. Cholesterol is insoluble in water is transported within small protein particles as lipoproteins such as low density and highdensity lipoproteins. Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cause hypercholesterolemia, as the main component of LDL is cholesterol.