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Abstract

The thymus is the major site of T cell maturation; extensive proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis occur in this organ. During mammary tumorigenesis, there is a profound involution of the thymus associated with a severe depletion of the most abundant subset of thymocytes, CD4+8+ immature cells. Experiments to investigate the mechanism of loss of the CD4+8+ population indicated that there was no increase in the systemic levels of glucocorticoids, no loss of bone marrow precursors, and no decrease in precursor seeding of the thymus. Likewise, no enhanced emigration of thymocytes from the thymus to the periphery was observed in tumor-bearing mice. A slight increase in apoptosis was found in tumor bearers' thymi, but there was no apparent decrease in the proliferation of early thymic precursors CD4-8- cells. Importantly, severely altered levels of subpopulations of the CD4-8- precursors, consistent with an arrest in differentiation at an early stage of development, were detected. Moreover, thymic stromal cell function appeared to become impaired during tumorigenesis, possibly due to the action of tumor-derived factors. Thus, downregulation of cell-mediated immune functions occurring at late stages of the disease may be causally related to the thymic involution occurring during mammary tumorigenesis.

Curcumin Prevents Tumor-induced T Cell Apoptosis through Stat-5a-mediated Bcl-2 Induction

“…These observations are supported by reports indicating a block in thymic maturation (2,28,29) and a loss of circulating CD8…”

Thymic Function Associated With Cancer Development, Relapse, and Antitumor Immunity – A Mini-Review

“…Further, tumor-bearing individuals could be afflicted with cancer-related contributors of acute thymic involution, including (a) increased apoptosis of TECs and thymocytes (30)(31)(32)(33)(34) and obstruction of thymocyte maturation (32,35,36); and/or (b) chemotherapy-induced non-malignant thymic cellular apoptosis and senescence response (37)(38)(39). These will further disrupt antitumor immunity by disrupting T cell development and creating a tumor reservoir in the involuted thymus, allowing for tumor cell dormancy and eventually metastatic relapse (37,38).…”

STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL mammary tumor

“…По мнению многих исследователей, опухолевый лимфангиогенез является важным патогенетическим звеном в развитии местного и регионарного лимфотоксикоза [5,8,11], что подтверждается увеличением содержания противовоспалительных цитокинов внутри опухоли и в лимфе грудного протока при РМЖ [7], по- 4,37 ± 0,34 10,6 ± 0,52 1 5,25 ± 0,3 2 5,71 ± 0,21 1,2 Ретикулярные клетки аксил 5,89 ± 0,33 7,52 ± 0,24 1 8,45 ± 0,29 1 10,75 ± 0,4 1,2,3 брыж 5,81 ± 0,32 11,02 ± 0,58 1 10,87 ± 0,54 1 10,74 ± 0,44 1 Митозы аксил 0,43 ± 0,14 0,93 ± 0,17 1 0,59 ± 0,15 0,59 ± 0,1 брыж 0,53 ± 0,18 1,04 ± 0,24 0,53 ± 0,2 0,59 ± 0,22 Нейтрофилы аксил 0,08 ± 0,06 0,3 ± 0,12 0,13 ± 0,09 0,29 ± 0,09 брыж 0,29 ± 0,16 0,28 ± 0,16 0,28 ± 0,13 1,05 ± 0,18 1,2,3 Мозговые синусы Средние лимфоциты аксил 9,65 ± 0,45 7,65 ± 0,35 1 9,41 ± 0,49 2 5,64 ± 0,33 1,2,3 брыж 8,31 ± 0,4 9,3 ± 0,84 8,02 ± 0,5 2 15,21 ± 0,4 1,2,3 Малые лимфоциты аксил 33,44 ± 0,80 22,62 ± 0,96 1 24,0 ± 0,78 1 23,46 ± 0,46 1 брыж 36,27 ± 0,7 28,67 ± 0,72 1 24,47 ± 0,7 1,2 24,1 ± 0,55 1,2 Иммунобласты аксил 1,96 ± 0,25 3,21 ± 0,32 1 3,89 ± 0,41 1 0,55 ± 0,16 1,2,3 брыж 1,49 ± 0,23 3,4 ± 0,46 1 0,73 ± 0,26 1,2 0,68 ± 0,22 1,2 Незрелые плазмоциты аксил 9,12 ± 0,46 12,4 ± 0,38 1 11,17 ± 0,69 1 8,85 ± 0,3 2,3 брыж 9,4 ± 0,4 8,94 ± 0,58 11,87 ± 0,6 2 9,98 ± 0,25 3 Зрелые плазмоциты аксил 31,27 ± 1,05 31,21 ± 0,74 32,34 ± 0,73 39,57 ± 0,6 1,2,3 брыж 27,98 ± 0,78 24,1 ± 0,9 1 33,33 ± 0,9 1,2 32,76 ± 0,5 1,2 Макрофаги аксил 4,38 ± 0,51 8,36 ± 0,24 1 4,46 ± 0,24 2 5,62 ± 0,26 2,3 брыж 4,05 ± 0,3 8,23 ± 0,37 1 5,85 ± 0,4 1 6,25 ± 0,46 1,2 Ретикулярные клетки аксил 9,07 ± 0,47 13,77 ± 0,53 1 13,77 ± 1,02 1 13,5 ± 0,69 1 брыж 11,56 ± 0,74 16,76 ± 0,87 1 14,63 ± 0,7 1 10,18 ± 0,32 [13,...…”