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Syller, J.; Marczewski, Waldemar; Pawłowicz, Jerzy

doi:10.1023/a:1008648822190

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Desvignes [ 72 ] reported that Myzus persicae (the green peach aphid) experimentally transmitted PLMVd, but at a low rate, suggesting minor relevance under natural peach-orchard conditions [ 82 ]. PSTVd was transmitted by the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae in a non-persistent manner [ 73 ], and persistently by the green peach aphid when the viroid was encapsidated in potato-leafroll-virus (PLRV) particles [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]. The encapsidated viroid was transmitted to potato, Physalis floridana , and Datura stramonium , although the aphid species was not a significant vector for transmitting PSTVd alone.…”

Section: Vector Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modes of Viroid Transmission

Hadidi

Sun

Randles

2022

Cells

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Studies on the ways in which viroids are transmitted are important for understanding their epidemiology and for developing effective control measures for viroid diseases. Viroids may be spread via vegetative propagules, mechanical damage, seed, pollen, or biological vectors. Vegetative propagation is the most prevalent mode of spread at the global, national and local level while further dissemination can readily occur by mechanical transmission through crop handling with viroid-contaminated hands or pruning and harvesting tools. The current knowledge of seed and pollen transmission of viroids in different crops is described. Biological vectors shown to transmit viroids include certain insects, parasitic plants, and goats. Under laboratory conditions, viroids were also shown to replicate in and be transmitted by phytopathogenic ascomycete fungi; therefore, fungi possibly serve as biological vectors of viroids in nature. The term “mycoviroids or fungal viroids” has been introduced in order to denote these viroids. Experimentally, known sequence variants of viroids can be transmitted as recombinant infectious cDNA clones or transcripts. In this review, we endeavor to provide a comprehensive overview of the modes of viroid transmission under both natural and experimental situations. A special focus is the key findings which can be applied to the control of viroid diseases.

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Section: Vector Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modes of Viroid Transmission

Hadidi

Sun

Randles

2022

Cells

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“…Vector-based transmission may have a significant influence on the spread of diseases. Important vectors of viroids are green peach aphids (Myzus persicae) and white flies (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) [8][9][10][11][12] as well as bumblebees [4,13]. Further unobserved modes of transmission could involve harmful insects (e.g., codling moths) and hemiparasitic plants such as mistletoe (Viscum album subsp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transmission studies of the newly described apple chlorotic fruit spot viroid using a combined RT-qPCR and droplet digital PCR approach

et al. 2020

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The transmission of the apscaviroid tentatively named apple chlorotic fruit spot viroid (ACFSVd) was investigated using a one-step reverse-transcription (RT) droplet digital PCR assay for absolute quantification of the viroid, followed by quantification of relative standard curves by RT-qPCR. Our results indicate that ACFSVd is effectively transmitted by grafting, budding and seeds. No transmission has yet been observed to the viroid-inoculated pome fruit species Pyrus sp. and Cydonia sp. ACFSVd was detected in viruliferous aphids (Myzus persicae, Dysaphis plantaginea) and in codling moths (Cydia pomonella). The viroid was also detected systemically in the infected hemiparasitic plant Viscum album subsp. album (mistletoe).

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“…Decrease in host population size and host isolation would have probably led to a mass extinction of viruses (Wang et al 2011). Viroids can be transmitted by a direct contact between plants, seeds, pollen, and occasionally by insects when encapsidated by a virus (Syller et al 1997;Card et al 2007;Van Bogaert et al 2014). Studies on insect-feeding damages of angiosperm leaves suggest a disappearance of most specialized plant-insect associations at the K-Pg boundary (Labandeira et al 2002) and severely unbalanced food webs in North America (Wilf et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence rates of subviral pathogens of angiosperms abruptly decreased at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary

Bajdek¹

2019

ReEco

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Biogeographic distribution of infected plants and the continental drift theory allow a tentative time calibration of the phylogenetic tree of Pospiviroidae. Hypothetically, viroids evolved in the late Early Cretaceous shortly after the appearance of angiosperms, which constitute their only known hosts. No decline in the estimated divergence rates of Pospiviroidae is observed during the Late Cretaceous but it appears that they abruptly decreased at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. However, an adaptive radiation of Pospiviroidae which occurred in the late Paleocene may reflect a recovery from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction. It seems that the evolutionary history of viroids has been in part shaped by radiation and extinction events of angiosperms. Herein, for the first time I show the probable impact of a mass extinction event on the divergence rates of subviral pathogens, which are the simplest known “lifeforms”.

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Untitled

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Modes of Viroid Transmission

Modes of Viroid Transmission

Transmission studies of the newly described apple chlorotic fruit spot viroid using a combined RT-qPCR and droplet digital PCR approach

Divergence rates of subviral pathogens of angiosperms abruptly decreased at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary

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