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Graves, J. D.; Watkins, Naomi; Fitter, A. H.; Robinson, David; Scrimgeour, C. M.

doi:10.1023/a:1004257812555

Cited by 60 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, extensively branched extraradical mycelia can interconnect neighboring plants to form common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) [4][5][6]. These CMNs can affect the distribution of mineral nutrients like carbon [7,8], N [9], and phosphorus [10] among the connected plants. This could ultimately influence the plant's establishment [11,12], survival [13,14], growth [15] and physiology [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Common Mycorrhizal Networks Significantly Affects Plant Biomass and Soil Properties of the Neighboring Plants under Various Nitrogen Levels

et al. 2020

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Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) allow the transfer of nutrients between plants, influencing the growth of the neighboring plants and soil properties. Cleistogene squarrosa (C. squarrosa) is one of the most common grass species in the steppe ecosystem of Inner Mongolia, where nitrogen (N) is often a key limiting nutrient for plant growth, but little is known about whether CMNs exist between neighboring individuals of C. squarrosa or play any roles in the N acquisition of the C. squarrosa population. In this study, two C. squarrosa individuals, one as a donor plant and the other as a recipient plant, were planted in separate compartments in a partitioned root-box. Adjacent compartments were separated by 37 µm nylon mesh, in which mycorrhizal hyphae can go through but not roots. The donor plant was inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and their hyphae potentially passed through nylon mesh to colonize the roots of the recipient plant, resulting in the establishment of CMNs. The formation of CMNs was verified by microscopic examination and 15 N tracer techniques. Moreover, different levels of N fertilization (N0 = 0, N1 = 7.06, N2 = 14.15, N3 = 21.19 mg/kg) were applied to evaluate the CMNs' functioning under different soil nutrient conditions. Our results showed that when C. squarrosa-C. squarrosa was the association, the extraradical mycelium transferred the 15 N in the range of 45-55% at different N levels. Moreover, AM fungal colonization of the recipient plant by the extraradical hyphae from the donor plant significantly increased the plant biomass and the chlorophyll content in the recipient plant. The extraradical hyphae released the highest content of glomalin-related soil protein into the rhizosphere upon N2 treatment, and a significant positive correlation was found between hyphal length and glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSPs). GRSPs and soil organic carbon (SOC) were significantly correlated with mean weight diameter (MWD) and helped in the aggregation of soil particles, resulting in improved soil structure. In short, the formation of CMNs in this root-box experiment supposes the existence of CMNs in the typical steppe plants, and CMNs-mediated N transfer and root colonization increased the plant growth and soil properties of the recipient plant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Common Mycorrhizal Networks Significantly Affects Plant Biomass and Soil Properties of the Neighboring Plants under Various Nitrogen Levels

et al. 2020

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“…Recent observations show that mycorrhizal fungi are important regulators of C dynamics because of slow decomposition of fungal residues ( van der Heijden et al., 2015 ) and that C storage is increased in AM-dominated ecosystems ( Averill et al., 2014 ; van der Heijden et al., 2015 ; Wurzburger et al., 2017 ). To quantify the involvement of AMF in the intraspecific transport of C between plants, Graves et al. (1997) fumigated a mycorrhizal Festuca ovina turf with 13 C-depleted CO 2 for one week and found that 41% of the newly fixed C that was exported belowground was subsequently transported to neighbouring F. ovina ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Carbon Transfer Between Plants Through Common Arbuscular Myc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the enrichment and natural abundance of 13 C methods show one-way transfer of C between mycorrhizal plants to be 0 to 41%, in controlled or field conditions ( He et al., 2003 ; He et al., 2009 ; Table 1 ). For instance, such C transfers have been detected between Allium cepa plants ( Hirrel and Gerdemann, 1979 ), Festuca idahoensis and Centaurea maculosa ( Carey et al., 2004 ), F. ovina and F. ovina ( Graves et al., 1997 ), Lolium perenne and Plantago lanceolata ( Martins, 1992 ), Oryza sativa and Citrullus lanatus ( Carey et al., 2004 ), and Trifolium subterraneum and P. lanceolata ( Nakano-Hylander and Olsson, 2007 ) ( Table 1 ). Most recently, by labelling 13 CO 2 to one of the four tree species growing in “community boxes” using natural forest soil as fungal inoculums, 6.4 to 29.0% C transfers were facilitated by shared AMF of R. fasciculatus and R. irregularis , with oak ( Quercus calliprinos ) being a better donor, while pistacia ( Pistacia lentiscus ) and cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens ) better recipients ( Avital et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Carbon Transfer Between Plants Through Common Arbuscular Myc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplant carbon and nitrogen transfers mediated by common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: beneficial pathways for system functionality

Luo

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in soil and form nutritional symbioses with ~80% of vascular plant species, which significantly impact global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles. Roots of plant individuals are interconnected by AMF hyphae to form common AM networks (CAMNs), which provide pathways for the transfer of C and N from one plant to another, promoting plant coexistence and biodiversity. Despite that stable isotope methodologies (13C, 14C and 15N tracer techniques) have demonstrated CAMNs are an important pathway for the translocation of both C and N, the functioning of CAMNs in ecosystem C and N dynamics remains equivocal. This review systematically synthesizes both laboratory and field evidence in interplant C and N transfer through CAMNs generated through stable isotope methodologies and highlights perspectives on the system functionality of CAMNs with implications for plant coexistence, species diversity and community stability. One-way transfers from donor to recipient plants of 0.02-41% C and 0.04-80% N of recipient C and N have been observed, with the reverse fluxes generally less than 15% of donor C and N. Interplant C and N transfers have practical implications for plant performance, coexistence and biodiversity in both resource-limited and resource-unlimited habitats. Resource competition among coexisting individuals of the same or different species is undoubtedly modified by such C and N transfers. Studying interplant variability in these transfers with 13C and 15N tracer application and natural abundance measurements could address the eco physiological significance of such CAMNs in sustainable agricultural and natural ecosystems.

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“…Over the last three decades, it has been described, in agro-ecosystems, that nutrients can be transferred between neighbouring plants (Bethlenfalvay et al, 1991;Fitter et al, 1998;Jalonen et al, 2009;Thilakarathna et al, 2016). With the use of isotopes, interplant transfer of various macro-and micro-elements essential for plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon has been reported to follow concentration gradients through shared mycorrhizal fungi, root exudates or through root decomposition (Fitter et al, 1998;Graves et al, 1997;Jones et al, 2009;Kravchenko et al, 2021;Ren et al, 2013;Robinson & Fitter, 1999). Interplant nutrient transfer has been mainly studied in agroecosystems (Chalk & Smith, 1997;Jalonen et al, 2009;Pirhofer-Walzl et al, 2012;Sierra et al, 2007;Sierra & Nygren, 2006), and in the case of nitrogen (N), frequently from a leguminous to nonleguminous species, since this combination maximizes the differences in N concentration between the donor and recipient plants (Chalk & Smith, 1997;Jalonen et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2021;Pirhofer-Walzl et al, 2012;Thilakarathna et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen transfer between plant species with different temporal N‐demand

Montesinos‐Navarro

2023

Ecology Letters

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Phenological segregation among species in a community is assumed to promote coexistence, as using resources at different times reduces competition. However, other unexplored nonalternative mechanisms can also result in a similar outcome. This study first tests whether plants can redistribute nitrogen (N) among them based on their nutritional temporal demand (i.e. phenology). Field 15N labelling experiments showed that 15N is transferred between neighbour plants, mainly from low N‐demand (late flowering species, not reproducing yet) to high N‐demand plants (early flowering species, currently flowering‐fruiting). This can reduce species' dependence on pulses of water availability, and avoid soil N loss through leaching, having relevant implications in the structuring of plant communities and ecosystem functioning. Considering that species phenological segregation is a pervasive pattern in plant communities, this can be a so far unnoticed, but widely spread, ecological process that can predict N fluxes among species in natural communities, and therefore impact our current understanding of community ecology and ecosystem functioning.

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Untitled

Cited by 60 publications

References 16 publications

Formation of Common Mycorrhizal Networks Significantly Affects Plant Biomass and Soil Properties of the Neighboring Plants under Various Nitrogen Levels

Formation of Common Mycorrhizal Networks Significantly Affects Plant Biomass and Soil Properties of the Neighboring Plants under Various Nitrogen Levels

Interplant carbon and nitrogen transfers mediated by common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: beneficial pathways for system functionality

Nitrogen transfer between plant species with different temporal N‐demand

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