Sea-derived materials have promising applications in the medical, pharmaceutical and biotechnological fields. Fish roe, e.g., is a highly nutritional product, presenting diverse beneficial effects for human health. Therefore, this work explored extracts of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) roe, due to the well-known health benefits of this fish, to produce novel and promising delivery systems. After morphological, histological and histochemical characterization of sardine roe, their lipids were extracted using two different approaches, namely Bligh and Dyer (BD) and methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) methods. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that lipid extracts contain several fatty acids, such as ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The lipids, specially phospholipids, were used to produce multilamellar liposomes (MLVs). These delivery systems presented size heterogeneity, a negative surface charge and ability to control the release of the encapsulated anti-Page 2 of 68 ACS Paragon Plus Environment ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 3 inflammatory drug, namely celecoxib. Biological assays indicated that MLVs produced with MTBE lipidic extracts presented a better cytocompatibility than those obtained by the BD method. This can be further improved if the lipid extracts are processed by chemical extraction. Therefore, sardine roederived lipids can produce drug delivery systems with the potential to be applied in the biomedical field.