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Liu, Junkang; Guo-hong, Deng; Yuan, Ze-tao; Liu, Daojian; Hsu, Qi-wang

doi:10.1023/a:1005293915802

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Such patters are typically displayed by bacteria confined to two dimensions, e.g. E. coli or Bacillus subtilis involving hundreds to billions of cells (Harshey 1994, Liu et al 2000, Avron et al 2004, Darnton et al 2010. Flagella are an essential ingredient in swarming of biological cells, as is evident for, e.g.…”

Section: Collective and Cooperative Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of microswimmers—single particle motion and collective behavior: a review

2015

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Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are only possible due to locomotion. Swimming at the microscale occurs at low Reynolds numbers, where fluid friction and viscosity dominates over inertia. Here, evolution achieved propulsion mechanisms, which overcome and even exploit drag. Prominent propulsion mechanisms are rotating helical flagella, exploited by many bacteria, and snake-like or whip-like motion of eukaryotic flagella, utilized by sperm and algae. For artificial microswimmers, alternative concepts to convert chemical energy or heat into directed motion can be employed, which are potentially more efficient. The dynamics of microswimmers comprises many facets, which are all required to achieve locomotion. In this article, we review the physics of locomotion of biological and synthetic microswimmers, and the collective behavior of their assemblies. Starting from individual microswimmers, we describe the various propulsion mechanism of biological and synthetic systems and address the hydrodynamic aspects of swimming. This comprises synchronization and the concerted beating of flagella and cilia. In addition, the swimming behavior next to surfaces is examined. Finally, collective and cooperate phenomena of various types of isotropic and anisotropic swimmers with and without hydrodynamic interactions are discussed.

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Section: Collective and Cooperative Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of microswimmers—single particle motion and collective behavior: a review

2015

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“… 2013 ; Koch and Subramanian 2011 ; Liu et al . 2000 ; Luchsinger, Bergersen and Mitchell 1999 ; Sokolov et al . 2007 ; Wensink et al .…”

Section: Motility and Chemotaxis In Population And Collective Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple functions of flagellar motility and chemotaxis in bacterial physiology

Colin

Laganenka

et al. 2021

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

163

118

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Most swimming bacteria are capable of following gradients of nutrients, signaling molecules and other environmental factors that affect bacterial physiology. This tactic behavior became one of the most-studied model systems for signal transduction and quantitative biology, and underlying molecular mechanisms are well characterized in Escherichia coli and several other model systems. In this review, we focus primarily on less understood aspect of bacterial chemotaxis, namely its physiological relevance for individual bacterial cells and for bacterial populations. As evident from multiple recent studies, even for the same bacterial species flagellar motility and chemotaxis might serve multiple roles, depending on the physiological and environmental conditions. Among these, finding sources of nutrients and more generally locating niches that are optimal for growth appear to be one of the major functions of bacterial chemotaxis, which could explain many chemoeffector preferences as well as flagellar gene regulation. Chemotaxis might also generally enhance efficiency of environmental colonization by motile bacteria, which involves intricate interplay between individual and collective behaviors and trade-offs between growth and motility. Finally, motility and chemotaxis play multiple roles in collective behaviors of bacteria including swarming, biofilm formation and autoaggregation, as well as in their interactions with animal and plant hosts.

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