Untitled

Abstract

C-banding analysis with 47 gibbons of the subgenus Hylobates (Hylobates) (44-chromosome gibbons) uncovered that the gibbons had a characteristic complicated C-banding pattern. The C-band pattern also revealed that a whole-arm translocation (WAT) between chromosomes 8 and 9 existed only in the species H. agilis (agile gibbon). Comprehensive consideration allows postulation that the translocation seemed to be restricted to two subspecies: H. agilis agilis (mountain agile gibbon) and H. agilis unko (lowland agile gibbon), found in Sumatra and part of the Malay Peninsula. Moreover, combined intensive analyses of C-banding and chromosome painting provided strong evidence for a plausible evolutionary pathway of chromosome differentiation of chromosomes 8 and 9. The C-banded morph 8M(t/c) seemed to be the primary type of chromosome 8 in the subgenus and to have altered into the three morphs through three pericentric inversions. The newest morph (8A(M/ci)) produced by the third inversion exchanged the long arm for chromosome 9, and subsequently constructed the WAT morphs of 8/9A(Mc/ct) and 9/8M(i/ci).

Human-Specific SNP in Obesity Genes, Adrenergic Receptor Beta2 (ADRB2), Beta3 (ADRB3), and PPAR γ2 (PPARG), during Primate Evolution

“…03/P2IPT/DPPM/96/PHB I/5/1996) and by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Overseas Scientific Survey) No. 08041147 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan in 1996 [91]. 108 macaques including rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) that originated in China and India, Japanese macaques ( Macaca fuscata fuscata ) that originated in Wakasa, Arashiyama, Awajishima, and Koshima, Japan, long-tailed macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ) that originated in Indonesia, bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) from India and pig-tailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ) were from the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University.…”

Locational Diversity of Alpha Satellite DNA and Intergeneric Hybridization Aspects in the Nomascus and Hylobates Genera of Small Apes

“…Blood samples of the hybrid offspring and non-hybrid individuals were cultured at the Cancer Center, Chulabhorn Hospital, and the Dusit Zoo, Bangkok, Thailand, respectively. Chromosome preparations were made after 70 h of culture, as previously described [34] . Cells were fixed with ethanol and acetic acid (3∶1), and the preparations were transferred to the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University (KUPRI), Japan, where cytogenetic studies were performed using banding techniques and FISH by SB.…”

Application of multicolor banding combined with heterochromatic and locus-specific probes identify evolutionary conserved breakpoints in Hylobates pileatus

“…For H. muelleri , and H. agilis (HAG) it was only shown by now that alpha-satellite sequences as present in HSA are not detectable in those species, including in HLA and HPI [ 9 ]. HAG was also studied using a few selected chromosome paints [ 12 ]. For H. albibarbis genetic studies were not done yet, which still could be helpful to solve the question if it is a subspecies of H. agilis [ 13 ].…”