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Sofue, Mitsuhiro; Abe, Yoko; Inokuma, Hirofumi; Ueda, Yoshinori; Sofue, Hisae; Hone, Shiro

doi:10.4164/sptj.39.509

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It has been shown that nuclear poloidal field is created by secular accumulation of intergalactic magnetic field frozen into a forming galaxy (Sofue and Fujimoto 1987;Sofue et al 2010). Since the vertical component can neither escape across the accreting disc, nor be dissipated because of the absence of neutral sheet, they are secularly concentrated onto the GC and form a strong vertical flux (figure 5; Sofue and Fujimoto 1987). The model is in accordance with the radio continuum observations of the well ordered poloidal magnetic structure penetrating through the GC disc without twisting (Heywood et al 2019).…”

Section: Poloidal Magnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been several ideas to explain the unique properties of threads and their physical relation to the central disk and nuclear activity (Sofue and Fujimoto 1987;Dahlburg et al 2002;Boldyref and Yusef-Zadeh 2006;Yusef-Zadeh & Wardle 2019;Barkov & Lyutikov 2019). However, the mechanism to explain the straight vertical structures coherently penetrating the disk appears still unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation of poloidal magnetic field in the GC, ring and spiral fields in the disk(Sofue and Fujimoto 1987;Sofue et al 2010). Right panel illustrates the GCL, molecular ring (CMZ), and supposed poloidal field in the GC.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Galactic Center threads as nuclear magnetohydrodynamic waves

Sofue

2020

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

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Propagation of fast-mode magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) compression waves is traced in the Galactic Center with a poloidal magnetic cylinder. MHD waves ejected from the nucleus are reflected and guided along the magnetic field, exhibiting vertically stretched fronts. The radio threads and non-thermal filaments are explained as due to tangential views of the waves driven by sporadic activity in Sgr A * , or by multiple supernovae. In the latter case, the threads could be extremely deformed relics of old SNRs exploded in the nucleus.

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Section: Poloidal Magnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Galactic Center threads as nuclear magnetohydrodynamic waves

Sofue

2020

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

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“…Significant vertical magnetic fields have been detected in the haloes of only two galaxies with strong star formation (NGC 4631, Hummel et al 1988, Hummel, Beck & Dahlem 1991: and M82, Reuter et al 1994), but the Milky Way hardly belongs to this type. Vertical dust filaments abundant in many galaxies in the disc -halo interface (Sofue 1987) may indicate significant localized vertical magnetic fields there. These can be a result of shearing the horizontal field in the disc by a galactic fountain and/or chimneys (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrostatic equilibrium in a magnetized, warped Galactic disc

Fletcher

Shukurov

2001

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Hydrostatic equilibrium of the multiphase interstellar medium in the solar vicinity is reconsidered, with the regular and turbulent magnetic fields treated separately. The regular magnetic field strength required to support the gas is consistent with independent estimates provided energy equipartition is maintained between turbulence and random magnetic fields. Our results indicate that a midplane value of $B_{0}=4\mkG$ for the regular magnetic field near the Sun leads to more attractive models than $B_{0}=2\mkG$. The vertical profiles of both the regular and random magnetic fields contain disc and halo components whose parameters we have determined. The layer at $1\la|z|\la4\kpc$ can be overpressured and an outflow at a speed of about $50\kms$ may occur there, presumably associated with a Galactic fountain flow, if $B_{0}\simeq 2\mkG$. We show that hydrostatic equilibrium in a warped disc must produce asymmetric density distributions in $z$, in rough agreement with \HI observations in the outer Galaxy. This asymmetry may be a useful diagnostic of the details of the warping mechanism in the Milky Way and other galaxies. We find indications that gas and magnetic field pressures are different above and below the warped midplane in the outer Galaxy and quantify the difference in terms of turbulent velocity and/or magnetic field strength.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

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“…MgO tablets have also become widespread in recent years because they are easy to take. [6][7][8] When stored for three months in an unpackaged state at 30°C with 75% relative humidity, these MgO tablets (Magmitt Tab ® , and Maglax Tab ® ) showed a 1.7-3.8-fold increase in hardness. 9) MgO accounts for 86-88% of the mass of these tablets, strongly implying that MgO is involved in this increase in hardness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism by Which Magnesium Oxide Suppresses Tablet Hardness Reduction during Storage

Sakamoto

Kachi

Nakamura

et al. 2016

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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This study investigated how the inclusion of magnesium oxide (MgO) maintained tablet hardness during storage in an unpackaged state. Tablets were prepared with a range of MgO levels and stored at 40°C with 75% relative humidity for up to 14 d. The hardness of tablets prepared without MgO decreased over time. The amount of added MgO was positively associated with tablet hardness and mass from an early stage during storage. Investigation of the water sorption properties of the tablet components showed that carmellose water sorption correlated positively with the relative humidity, while MgO absorbed and retained moisture, even when the relative humidity was reduced. In tablets prepared using only MgO, a petal-or platelike material was observed during storage. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry showed that this material was hydromagnesite, produced when MgO reacts with water and CO 2 . The estimated level of hydromagnesite at each time-point showed a significant negative correlation with tablet porosity. These results suggested that MgO suppressed storage-associated softening by absorbing moisture from the environment. The conversion of MgO to hydromagnesite results in solid bridge formation between the powder particles comprising the tablets, suppressing the storage-related increase in volume and increasing tablet hardness.Key words hydromagnesite; relative humidity; unpackaged state; capillary condensation; mesopore Tablets are frequently used as a drug dosage form that is convenient for patients. However, uncoated tablets are affected by the temperature, humidity, and light-exposure of their storage environment; humidity in particular often affects the physical properties of tablets by reducing hardness and changing (accelerating or delaying) their disintegration time. [1][2][3][4] For this reason, uncoated tablets are usually packaged using materials with a high moisture resistance, such as pillowtype packaging with aluminum foil. In recent years, however, uncoated tablets have also often been handled in an unpackaged state, such as in automatic tablet packing machines, to provide unit-dose packages that aim to improve the reliability of, and compliance to, drug therapies. The packaging materials used for unit-dose packaging are not generally completely moisture-resistant, and the tablets in these packages reportedly show decreased hardness. 4,5) Magnesium oxide (MgO) has frequently been used as a laxative and antacid and has been proven to be effective and safe. MgO tablets have also become widespread in recent years because they are easy to take. [6][7][8] When stored for three months in an unpackaged state at 30°C with 75% relative humidity, these MgO tablets (Magmitt Tab ® , and Maglax Tab ® ) showed a 1.7-3.8-fold increase in hardness.9) MgO accounts for 86-88% of the mass of these tablets, strongly implying that MgO is involved in this increase in hardness. We have previously shown that MgO is useful as an excipient that suppresses the decline in tablet hardness caused by humidity.10)The...

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Untitled

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Galactic Center threads as nuclear magnetohydrodynamic waves

Galactic Center threads as nuclear magnetohydrodynamic waves

Hydrostatic equilibrium in a magnetized, warped Galactic disc

Mechanism by Which Magnesium Oxide Suppresses Tablet Hardness Reduction during Storage

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