Application of choline (5 and 10 mM) to electrically stimulated (1 Hz) rat hippocampal slices evoked epileptoid activity manifested by generation of extra population spikes. Application of methyllycaconitine (10 nM), a specific agonist for α7-subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, did not prevent generation of extra population spikes. In contrast, pretreatment of slices with Mg(2+) (5 mM) or blockade of NMDA-type glutamate receptors with MK-801 (100 μM) prevented generation of the extra population spikes. It was hypothesized that elevation of choline concentration during cerebral pathology can promote activation of NMDA-receptors and provoke epileptoid activity not related to activation of α7-subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.