2004
DOI: 10.1186/1478-1336-2-5
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Abstract: Background: The classic model of estrogen action requires that the estrogen receptor (ER) activates gene expression by binding directly or indirectly to DNA. Recent studies, however, strongly suggest that ER can act through nongenomic signal transduction pathways and may be mediated by a membrane bound form of the ER. Estradiol covalently linked to membrane impermeable BSA (E 2 -BSA) has been widely used as an agent to study these novel membraneassociated ER events. However, a recent report suggests that E 2 -… Show more

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Cited by 73 publications
(28 citation statements)
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References 31 publications
(29 reference statements)
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“…Mice receiving intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of BSA-E 2 spent more time investigating a novel object compared to a familiar object, indicating memory of the familiar object [91]. Since BSA-E 2 is unable to cross the cell membrane [92], it can be inferred that the rapid effects of estradiol on object recognition depends on the activation of membrane-bound receptors, such as GPR30 [23, 93, 94]. These behavioral effects were not blocked by the nuclear ER agonist ICI 182,780, further supporting the hypothesized role of membrane-bound ERs in social [90] and non-social learning [91].…”
Section: Rapid Effects Of Estrogens On Behaviormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mice receiving intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of BSA-E 2 spent more time investigating a novel object compared to a familiar object, indicating memory of the familiar object [91]. Since BSA-E 2 is unable to cross the cell membrane [92], it can be inferred that the rapid effects of estradiol on object recognition depends on the activation of membrane-bound receptors, such as GPR30 [23, 93, 94]. These behavioral effects were not blocked by the nuclear ER agonist ICI 182,780, further supporting the hypothesized role of membrane-bound ERs in social [90] and non-social learning [91].…”
Section: Rapid Effects Of Estrogens On Behaviormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To address this issue, the current study employed two E2 conjugates, E2-BSA conjugate [30], [31], [32] and the newer E2 dendrimer conjugate (EDC) [33], which due to their size and charge cannot enter the cell nucleus. EDC and E2-BSA retain their ability to induce rapid extranuclear-mediated nongenomic signaling, but lack significant nuclear ER-mediated genomic signaling ability due to their inability to enter the cell nucleus and interact with nuclear ER [32], [33].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…BSA (6,(41)(42)(43)(44) or horseradish peroxidase (7,(45)(46). There is a large body of evidence in favor of the existence of plasma membrane receptors for 17␤-estradiol, and numerous such receptors have been proposed.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%