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Abstract

Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in young and old individuals represents a special subsets that clinical profile and angiographic findings are different from older population. Better understanding of CAD in these groups of population would lead to further improvement in prevention and management. However, there are no data regarding coronary artery disease in Nigerian and Indian population. So this study was aimed to analyze the clinical profile and angiographic pattern of coronary artery disease among Nigerian and Indian patients. Methods:Retrospective study was done in 190 adults of Nigerian and Indian Origin above 18 years of age. There were 48 Nigerians and 142 Indians. These patients underwent coronary angiography between 1st May 2016 to 31st October 2017 in India and between 1st November 2017 to 31st May 2018 in Yenegoa-Nigeria. Age grouping (Group I -< 40 years, Group II-40 to 49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years and above 60years), clinical presentation, risk factors for CAD, angiographic findings and management strategy were analyzed.Results: Group I patients represented 2% and 18.3% among the Nigerian and Indian patients respectively. Increasing age was significantly associated with the risk of developing CAD. Risk factors in both populations included tobacco use, smoking, dyslipidemia, DM, hypertension, sendatory life style and alcohol consumption were common to both population. Eight patients of Indian origin had Takayasu disease as risk factor which was not found among the Nigerian patients. Pattern of dyslipidemia was higher among the Indian patients. CAD sets in ealier among Indian as compared to Nigerian patients. Involement of arterial vascular beds was more among the Indian than Nigerian subjects. Nigerian patients were managed with medical and PCI. The Indians subjects were manged with medical, PCI and CABG.Conclusions: Risk factors for CAD among Indians and Nigerians were similar. Takayasu disease could affect the coronary artery but rare among Nigerians. Screening for risk factors should start at an earlier age, and smoking cessation, promotion of physical activities and healthy dietary pattern have to be strongly encouraged among these group.