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Abstract

The corrosion of five materials for implant suprastructures (cast-titanium, machined-titanium, gold alloy, silver-palladium alloy and chromium-nickel alloy), was investigated in vitro, the materials being galvanically coupled to a titanium implant. Various electrochemical parameters E(CORR), i(CORR) Evans diagrams, polarization resistance and Tafel slopes) were analyzed. The microstructure of the different dental materials was observed before and after corrosion processes by optical and electron microscopy. Besides, the metallic ions released in the saliva environment were quantified during the corrosion process by means of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique (ICP-MS). The cast and machined titanium had the most passive current density at a given potential and chromium-nickel alloy had the most active critical current density values. The high gold content alloys have excellent resistance corrosion, although this decreases when the gold content is lower in the alloy. The palladium alloy had a low critical current density due to the presence of gallium in this composition but a selective dissolution of copper-rich phases was observed through energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

Corrosion Analysis of an Experimental Noble Alloy on Commercially Pure Titanium Dental Implants

“…Palladium-based alloys without silver show a rather passive behaviour and better than the Pd-Ag alloys [12]. Similarly, Cortada [9], in a galvanic corrosion study, concluded that palladium–based alloys present low levels of ions release in combination with titanium. In addition, it was shown that resistance to corrosion in silver–palladium based alloys is compatible with alloys with high contents of gold studied in artificial saliva [3, 5, 14].…”

“…Electro-chemical corrosion is the most important injury factor in dental work. It produces unintended wear of the metal surface, and a deterioration of the outer and inner layers caused by exposure to chemicals or electrochemical reaction of the surrounding area [9]. …”

Gene expression of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells on titanium and zirconia surface

“…But recently, the biostability of titanium is increasingly questioned. Corrosion products in inner organs5 and galvanic side effects6 have been reported while using titanium implants. And allergic reactions and sensitivities to titanium have been also reported 7.…”

Scanning Electron Microscope for Characterising of Micro- and Nanostructured Titanium Surfaces

“…Titanium and its alloys have been used broadly and successfully for numerous applications such as sport equipment [1], aerospace industry [2], marine application [3], medical applications [4] because of its optimum mechanical properties, outstanding corrosion resistance and bio-inert due to the presence of a thin layer of titanium oxide which a naturally formed onto the titanium surface [5][6]. This layer mainly consists of titanium dioxide or titania.…”