Untitled

Carmichael, Wayne W.; Drapeau, Christian; Anderson, Donald M.

doi:10.1023/a:1026506713560

Cited by 105 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To date, all reported tests of algal dietary supplements produced from Klamath Lake have failed to detect the presence of anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, nodularin-R, and saxitoxin. − The risk of chronic exposure to microcystins, however, led the Oregon Health Division and the Oregon Department of Agriculture to establish a regulatory limit of 1 μg of microcystin-LR eq /g for microcystins in blue-green algal products . Health Canada followed in 1999, releasing a precautionary advisory statement recommending the discontinued consumption of blue-green algal supplements for children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Microcystins in Blue-Green Algal Dietary Supplements

Parker

Stutts

DeGrasse

2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of seven microcystin congeners (1-7) and nodularin-R (8) in blue-green algal dietary supplements. Single-laboratory method validation data were collected in four supplement matrices (capsule, liquid, powder, and tablet) fortified at toxin concentrations from 0.25-2.00 μg/g (ppm). Average recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSD) using matrix-corrected solvent calibration curves were 101% (6% RSD) for all congeners and supplements investigated. Limits of detection (0.006-0.028 μg/g) and quantitation (0.018-0.084 μg/g) were sufficient to confirm the presence of microcystin contamination at the Oregon-mandated guidance concentration of 1.0 μg of microcystin-LReq/g. Quantitated concentrations of microcystin contamination in market-available Aphanizomenon flos-aquae blue-green algal supplements ranged from 0.18-1.87 μg of microcystin-LReq/g for detected congeners microcystin-LR, microcystin-LA, and microcystin-LY (3-5). Microcystin-RR, -YR, -LW, and -LF and nodularin-R (1, 2, and 6-8) were not detected in the supplements examined.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Microcystins in Blue-Green Algal Dietary Supplements

Parker

Stutts

DeGrasse

2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Microcystins have never been identified in Aphanizomenon sp., and the presence of these compounds most likely results from the co-occurrence of toxic species (e.g. M. aeruginosa ) in the environment in which the target species is harvested from (Carmichael et al 2000; Gilroy et al 2000). However, the biosynthesis of anatoxin-a is known to occur in the former ‘ Aphanizomenon ’ genus, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal food supplements from the perspective of Polish consumers: patterns of use, adverse events, and beneficial effects

Rzymski

Jaśkiewicz

2017

J Appl Phycol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microalgal food supplements are becoming increasingly popular due to their promising biological effects and high nutritional value, evidenced in in vitro, in vivo, and human studies. Some products of this kind have, however, raised controversies concerning their safety. At the same time, not much is known about the frequency of adverse events following the use of microalgal supplements, potential factors that may influence them, and general characteristics and behaviours of the consumer group. The present study aimed to fill this gap and surveyed a group of Polish consumers of microalgal products (n = 150) using an online questionnaire. As found, microalgal supplements (Spirulina, Chlorella, and Aphanizomenon) were popular in groups representing lacto-ovo-vegetarianism and veganism and were consumed predominantly for nutritional, immune-boosting, and detoxifying purposes. Their use was rarely discussed with specialists; the Internet constituted the most important source of information regarding these supplements. The most frequently self-reported health-beneficial effects of supplementation included the following: increased immunity, higher vitality, improved hair and skin quality, and better general well-being. Diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal pain, and skin rash were among the most often reported adverse events. Pre-existing medical conditions, namely renal failure and hypothyroidism, but not Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, were associated with increased occurrence of side effects. Those individuals who had consulted specialists as to the use of supplements reported adverse events significantly less often. A strikingly high frequency of side effects and very low consumer satisfaction were reported by a group of consumers supplementing Aphanizomenon-based products. In summary, the present study highlights that microalgal consumers may benefit from additional warnings of potential side effects and from consulting a qualified health specialist prior to use.

show abstract

“…Although some strains of Aphanizomenon have been shown to produce toxins, the A. flos-aquae has not been found to be toxic in UKL. 14 However, Microcystis is also consistently present in the lake and does produce microcystins in this environment, which is a problem for both the harvesting of Aphanizomenon as well as the recreational activities on the lake. Blooms in this region often proceed from a progression of dominance by Aphanizomenon, followed by mixed blooms, and then by dominance of Microcystis, sometimes with multiple cycles in one season and typically in mid-to late-summer.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical characterization of two cyanobacteria genera, Aphanizomenon and Microcystis, with hyperspectral microscopy

Paine

Slonecker

Simon

et al. 2018

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cyanobacterial blooms are a nuisance and a potential hazard in freshwater systems worldwide. Remote sensing has been used to detect cyanobacterial blooms, but few studies have distinguished among genera of cyanobacteria. Because some genera are more likely to be toxic than others, this is a useful distinction. Hyperspectral imaging reflectance microscopy was used to examine cyanobacteria from Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, at high spatial and spectral resolution to determine if two species found commonly in the lake, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa, can be separated spectrally. Of the analytical methods applied, a spectral shape algorithm applied to the derivative was found to be most successful in classifying these species in microscope scenes. Further work is required to determine if the spectral characterization of cyanobacterial genera can be scaled up to remote sensing applications. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

show abstract

Untitled

Cited by 105 publications

References 24 publications

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Microcystins in Blue-Green Algal Dietary Supplements

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Microcystins in Blue-Green Algal Dietary Supplements

Microalgal food supplements from the perspective of Polish consumers: patterns of use, adverse events, and beneficial effects

Optical characterization of two cyanobacteria genera, Aphanizomenon and Microcystis, with hyperspectral microscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About