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Study on Copolymerization of Acrylamide With Styrene Initiated by Methyl Ethyl Ketone and Its Derivatives in Comparison With Conventional Radical Initiator

“…In all the copolymerization systems, the r 1 (AAm) value is greatly smaller than that of the r 2 (St) value, and the r 1 value in the copolymerization systems initiated by the ketones is higher than by the conventional radical initiator, AIBN. The initiating radicals in these copolymerization systems in the presence of the ketones probably generated from the AAm monomer which formed a complex with the ketone (Scheme 3), as we reported in the homopolymerization systems of AAm in previous papers [16,17]. This fact may be explained on the basis of the strong hydrogen bonding ability of ketones to the amide group, which is assumed to affect the AAm monomer association [21], and consequently disturbs the keto/enol equilibrium of AAm [22].…”

“…The reactivity coefficient data are represented in Table 6. The r 1 values increased as the order: MEK < MIK < tBMK, that is the same order as the electronic density of carbonyl oxygen atom for ketones [16,17]. In all the copolymerization systems, the r 1 (AAm) value is greatly smaller than that of the r 2 (St) value, and the r 1 value in the copolymerization systems initiated by the ketones is higher than by the conventional radical initiator, AIBN.…”

“…A similar type of interaction between methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ketones such as cyclohexanone (CHn) [6,7], cyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, and acetylacetone [9], was also proposed by A. However, in all of the literature, the major investigation point was the effect of the polarity of solvents, not the structure of the initiators (ketones) . We have recently been studying the interaction between the amide group of AAm and the carbonyl group of the template polymer [14] or ketones [15][16][17] in the homopolymerization system of AAm in the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate), CHn, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isopropyl ketone (MIK), and t-butyl methyl ketone (tBMK). However, in all of the literature, the major investigation point was the effect of the polarity of solvents, not the structure of the initiators (ketones) . We have recently been studying the interaction between the amide group of AAm and the carbonyl group of the template polymer [14] or ketones [15][16][17] in the homopolymerization system of AAm in the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate), CHn, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isopropyl ketone (MIK), and t-butyl methyl ketone (tBMK).…”

Regenerability of antibacterial activity of interpenetrating polymeric N‐halamine and poly(ethylene terephthalate)

“…It was found out that the reactivity ratios of AM and styrene in ethanol are 0.30 and 1.44. 28 The reactivity ratios of trifunctional cross-linker trimethylolpropane triacrylate and acrylic acid in radical polymerization were reported as 0.77 and 3.6, respectively. 29 Then, we can predict that, in the copolymerization of AM and DVB, the reactivity of DVB is much higher than AM, and AM radical prefers to react with DVB.…”

Polymerization of Acrylamide in Aqueous Solution of Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) at Lower Critical Solution Temperature

“…In our continuous study of the polymerization of AAm, we have already found that the polymerization of AAm was induced by the poly(methyl vinyl ketone) having carbonyl groups in its side chain as a template polymer, or low molecular weight ketones, without any conventional initiators (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). In these polymerization systems, the interaction between the carbonyl oxygen in the additive carbonyl compound and the amide group in the AAm monomer seems to play an important role in the initiation and propagation steps.…”