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Abstract

Channa punctata (freshwater murrel) is an economically important fish species in Asian countries, including India. The present investigation demonstrates the pathogenic effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DJ1990 on the scales of fresh water C. punctata through optical and scanning electron microscopy. In order to determine the adverse effects of P. aeruginosa DJ1990, fish were exposed to different doses of bacterial load and sacrificed at 12 h interval up to 72 h of post-infection period. The light microscopic and electron microscopic examination of C. punctata scale clearly disclosed the bacterial invasion and concomitant destruction of the scale structure such as uprooted damaged lepidonts and dispersal of chromatophores. In the present study, it was observed that the advent of anomaly in scale structure (chromatophore dispersion, circuli damage, circuli disorganization, lepidontal breakage, lepidontal uprooting, lepidontal sockets exposing, lepidont displacement and scale loosing) was dependent on the pathogen loads and time of expose. Till date, several studies have been conducted in the field of fish pathology; however, scales are given less priority in comparison to hematopoietic organs. To the author's best knowledge, it is the first report describing the effect of bacterial pathogen on the scale of a fish species, C. punctata.

Synbiotic Effects of Saccharomycescerevisiae, Mannan Oligosaccharides, and β-Glucan on Innate Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…Fish diseases, especially those caused by bacterial pathogens, are important problems in the fish farm industry [1]. Pseudomonas infection has been incriminated as one of the common bacterial infections of fishes and appears as an opportunistic and stress-related disease of freshwater fish cultured under intensive environments [2].…”

A Comparative Analysis on the Innate Immune Responses of Cirrhinus mrigala Challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium oxysporum

“…Currently, P. aeruginosaand F. oxysporum-infected fish show noninteractive and non-responsive behavior such as disturbed swimming orientation and irregular respiratory motions. In a previous study, abnormal behavior and mortality was also noted in Channa punctatus fish challenged with P. aeruginosa [20]. In another study, behavior and clinical changes, e.g., exophthalmia and abnormal swimming pattern were noted in O. niloticus challenged with F. oxysporum [21].…”

New Insights into the Effect of Origanum Extracts on the Gene Expression Profiles of Multidrug-resistant Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Retrieved from Oreochromis niloticus

“…Several studies precisely elucidated bacterial pathogenesis and its negative effects on different organs, including the liver and kidney (Shayo, Mwita & Hosea, 2012). Furthermore, concomitant deteriorations of the scale structure, such as lepidontal damage, chromatophore dispersion, circuli breakage, and scale loosening, have been reported in Channa punctata (freshwater murrel) experimentally challenged with P. aeruginosa (Saikia, Chattopadhyay, Banerjee & Sarma, 2017). Such bacterial species harbor a variety of virulence factors that could increase their infectious severity.…”