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Hulme, Mike; Viner, David

doi:10.1023/a:1005376007729

Cited by 85 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Ongoing and predicted changes in global climate are anticipated to alter seasonal rainfall patterns and thus the functioning of SDEs . Climatic changes are likely to increase dry season duration and decrease soil moisture in tropical SDEs (Hulme and Viner, 1998;Wetherald and Manabe, 2002;Jung et al, 2010). Changes in the Mediterranean Basin include decreases in mean precipitation and increased variability during the dry season (e.g.…”

Section: Synthesis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic, ecophysiological, and phenological controls on plant ecohydrological strategies in seasonally dry ecosystems

et al. 2014

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Large areas in the tropics and at mid‐latitudes experience pronounced seasonality and inter‐annual variability in rainfall and hence water availability. Despite the importance of these seasonally dry ecosystems (SDEs) for the global carbon cycling and in providing ecosystem services, a unifying ecohydrological framework to interpret the effects of climatic variability on SDEs is still lacking. A synthesis of existing data about plant functional adaptations in SDEs, covering some 400 species, shows that leaf phenological variations, rather than physiological traits, provide the dominant control on plant‐water‐carbon interactions. Motivated by this result, the combined implications of leaf phenology and climatic variability on plant water use strategies are here explored with a minimalist model of the coupled soil water and plant carbon balances. The analyses are extended to five locations with different hydroclimatic forcing, spanning seasonally dry tropical climates (without temperature seasonality) and Mediterranean climates (exhibiting out of phase seasonal patterns of rainfall and temperature). The most beneficial leaf phenology in terms of carbon uptake depends on the climatic regime: evergreen species are favoured by short dry seasons or access to persistent water stores, whereas high inter‐annual variability of rainy season duration favours the coexistence of multiple drought‐deciduous phenological strategies. We conclude that drought‐deciduousness may provide a competitive advantage in face of predicted declines in rainfall totals, while reduced seasonality and access to deep water stores may favour evergreen species. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

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Section: Synthesis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic, ecophysiological, and phenological controls on plant ecohydrological strategies in seasonally dry ecosystems

et al. 2014

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“…As well as temperature, rainfall patterns are changing in the tropics. Specifically, even if overall rainfall remains similar, in the Neotropics rainfall events are becoming less frequent, resulting in an increase in dry spells during the rainy season (Hulme & Viner, 1998; Christensen et al, 2007; Allan & Soden, 2008). Therefore, it is important to understand the potential responses of vulnerable life stages to such climate variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg clutch dehydration induces early hatching in red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas

Salica

Vonesh

Warkentin

2017

PeerJ

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Terrestrial eggs have evolved repeatedly in tropical anurans exposing embryos to the new threat of dehydration. Red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas, lay eggs on plants over water. Maternally provided water allows shaded eggs in humid sites to develop to hatching without rainfall, but unshaded eggs and those in less humid sites can die from dehydration. Hatching responses of amphibian eggs to dry conditions are known from two lineages with independent origins of terrestrial eggs. Here, we experimentally tested for dehydration-induced early hatching in another lineage (Agalychnis callidryas, Phyllomedusidae), representing a third independent origin of terrestrial eggs. We also investigated how dehydration affected egg and clutch structure, and egg mortality. We collected clutches from a pond in Gamboa, Panama, and randomly allocated them to wet or dry treatments at age 1 day. Embryos hatched earlier from dry clutches than from wet clutches, accelerating hatching by ∼11%. Clutch thickness and egg diameter were affected by dehydration, diverging between treatments over time. Meanwhile, mortality in dry clutches was six-fold higher than in control clutches. With this study, early hatching responses to escape mortality from egg dehydration are now known from three anuran lineages with independent origins of terrestrial eggs, suggesting they may be widespread. Further studies are needed to understand how terrestrial amphibian eggs can respond to, or will be affected by, rapid changes in climate over the next decades.

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“…Global change scenarios for the tropics expect climate to become more unstable this century with more frequent and intense droughts (Hulme and Viner 1998;Timmermann et al 1999). Not all models, however, predict more ENSO activity (Timmermann et al 2004;Cane 2005;McPhaden et al 2006;Meehl et al 2007) although the risk of droughts is expected to increase during future El Niño events (Christensen et al 2007), and this could have serious implications for forest management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plurality of tree species responses to drought perturbation in Bornean tropical rain forest

Newbery

Lingenfelder

2008

Plant Ecol

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Drought perturbation driven by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a principal stochastic variable determining the dynamics of lowland rain forest in S.E. Asia. Mortality, recruitment and stem growth rates at Danum in Sabah (Malaysian Borneo) were recorded in two 4-ha plots (trees C 10 cm gbh) for two periods, 1986-1996 and 1996-2001. Mortality and growth were also recorded in a sample of subplots for small trees (10 to \50 cm gbh) in two sub-periods, 1996-1999 and 1999-2001. Dynamics variables were employed to build indices of drought response for each of the 34 most abundant plot-level species (22 at the subplot level), these being interval-weighted percentage changes between periods and sub-periods. A significant yet complex effect of the strong 1997/1998 drought at the forest community level was shown by randomization procedures followed by multiple hypothesis testing. Despite a general resistance of the forest to drought, large and significant differences in short-term responses were apparent for several species. Using a diagrammatic form of stability analysis, different species showed immediate or lagged effects, high or low degrees of resilience or even oscillatory dynamics. In the context of the local topographic gradient, species' responses define the newly termed perturbation response niche. The largest responses, particularly for recruitment and growth, were among the small trees, many of which are members of understorey taxa. The results bring with them a novel approach to understanding community dynamics: the kaleidoscopic complexity of idiosyncratic responses to stochastic perturbations suggests that plurality, rather than neutrality, of responses may be essential to understanding these tropical forests. The basis to the various responses lies with the mechanisms of tree-soil water relations which are physiologically predictable: the timing and intensity of the next drought, however, is not. To date, environmental stochasticity has been insufficiently incorporated into models of tropical forest dynamics, a step that might considerably improve the reality of theories about these globally important ecosystems.

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Cited by 85 publications

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Climatic, ecophysiological, and phenological controls on plant ecohydrological strategies in seasonally dry ecosystems

Climatic, ecophysiological, and phenological controls on plant ecohydrological strategies in seasonally dry ecosystems

Egg clutch dehydration induces early hatching in red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas

Plurality of tree species responses to drought perturbation in Bornean tropical rain forest

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